Ethnic Differences In Post-prandial Glycemic Control After Acute Moderate-intensity Continuous Or High-intensity Interval Exercise

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of progressive combined exercise program on irisin, C-peptide, HOMA-β, HOMA-IR, body composition and physical fitness in obese elderly women with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: Thirty six obese elderly women with T2DM patients (76.64 ± 6.56 years, %BF 36.09 ± 4.18, HbA1c 7.05 ± 0.85%) were randomly assigned to the combined exercise group (n = 20) and to the control group (n = 16). The 60 minute combined exercise program (outdoor walking + elastic-band resistance exercise) was performed 3 times per week for 12 weeks, and the intensity was progressively increased every four weeks (Outdoor walking RPE 11-14; Band exercise 1-4 weeks: OMNI-RES 3 to 4, 5-8 weeks: OMNI-RES 5 to 6, 9-12weeks: OMNI-RES 7 to 8). RESULTS: There were significant time × group interactions for irisin (p<0.001), C-peptide (p=0.002), HOMA-β (p<0.001), HOMA-IR (p=0.045), fasting blood glucose (p<0.001), and HbA1c (p<0.001). Result of combined exercise group were as follows; percentage of body fat had significantly decreased, and irisin level had significantly increased. In addition, HbA1c and Glucose were significantly decreased to improve glycemic control, and C-peptide, CPI and HOMA-β levels were significantly increased. Fasting glucose (r=-0.424), HbA1c (r=-0.351), SBP (r=-0.397) and percentage of body fat (r=-0.423) changes level showed a negative whereas HOMA-β (r=0.411) and aerobic endurance (r=0.355) changes level had a positive correlation with irisin change level. CONCLUSIONS: Combined exercise improves irisin levels and regulates percentage of body fat and blood glucose, which improves beta-cell function than non-exercise. Therefore, progressive combined exercise improves body composition, blood glucose and β-cell function by increasing irisin levels in obese elderly women with type 2 diabetes.