玉米非整倍体组织培养的细胞遗传学稳定性

C. Rhodes, R. Phillips, C. E. Green
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引用次数: 22

摘要

玉米单体组织培养可用于筛选细胞性状的隐性突变。这种策略可以避免单倍体培养所遇到的一些问题,如缺乏活力、再生植株不育和不受控制的二倍体分化。在W22 R/ R -x1与含有隐性标记的遗传资源杂交的后代中选择单体和其他非整倍体植株。r-x1等位基因诱导非整倍体的频率约为15%。选用植物的未成熟雄穗进行全能性组织培养。植株在培养起始后3 ~ 17个月再生。对再生植株的小孢子细胞减数分裂核型和花粉不育性进行了分析。从非整倍体培养再生的161株植株中,至少有40%的核型发生了改变。这一频率与培养年龄无关。大多数改变涉及染色体断裂而不是染色体数目的改变。改变的类型包括异型p…
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Cytogenetic stability of aneuploid maize tissue cultures
Monosomic maize tissue cultures might be used to select recessive mutations of cellular traits. This strategy would avoid some of the problems encountered with haploid cultures such as lack of vigor, sterility of regenerated plants, and uncontrolled diploidization. Monosomic and other aneuploid plants were selected among progeny of W22 R/r-x1 crossed with genetic stocks containing recessive markers. The r-x1 allele induces aneuploidy at a frequency of about 15%. Immature tassels of selected plants were used to initiate totipotent tissue cultures. Plants were regenerated from the cultures over a period of 3 to 17 months after culture initiation. Meiotic karyotypes of microsporocytes and pollen sterility were analyzed in regenerated plants. At least 40% of the 161 plants regenerated from aneuploid cultures had altered karyotypes. This frequency was not related to culture age. Most alterations involved chromosome breakage rather than changes in chromosome number. Types of alterations included heteromorphic p...
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