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引用次数: 2
摘要
本章通过四个案例对公共和非营利部门的开源、众包和公众参与进行了调查:(1)Changemakers竞赛,(2)美国的Peer to Patent,(3)澳大利亚的Future Melbourne 2020,(4)日本的Idea Box。采用Macintosh(2004)的案例分析框架系统地记录四个案例进行比较。从文献中,我们确定了三个组成部分来理解开源和众包模型:发起者、信息选择机制和受益者。三个组成部分被用来检查政府或非营利组织如何采用开源模式或众包模式来促进公众参与。结论是,不同的项目设计可能导致不同规模的公众参与,定义由Savar和Denhardt(2010)。最后,讨论了实施开源和众包模式以促进公共事务参与的一些潜在问题和挑战。
This chapter is an investigation of open source, crowdsourcing, and public engagement in the public and nonprofit sectors through four cases: (1) Changemakers competitions, (2) Peer to Patent in the U.S., (3) Future Melbourne 2020 in Australia, and (4) Idea Box in Japan. Macintosh's (2004) case analytical framework is adopted to systematically document the four cases for comparisons. From the literature three components are identified to understand the open source and crowdsourcing models: initiator, mechanism for information selection, and beneficiary. Three components are used to examine how governments or nonprofits adopt the open source model or crowdsourcing model to facilitate public engagement. The conclusion is that different designs of the projects might lead to different scales of public engagement, defined by Savar & Denhardt (2010). Finally, some potential issues and challenges of implementing the open source and crowdsourcing models to facilitate engagement in public affairs are discussed.