自重和地震荷载作用下棘轮坍塌的预测概念

Satoru Kai, M. Ichimiya, N. Kasahara
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引用次数: 0

摘要

核设施中重要部件在超设计基础事件(BDBEs)下的失效模式评估对于减轻严重事故条件下的后果是必要的。棘轮塑性破坏是管道构件在地震荷载作用下的破坏模式之一,本文定义为棘轮塑性破坏。这种失效模式首次在上世纪80年代由EPRI进行的管件动态可靠性计划(PFDRP)中得到证实。然而,这种破坏的发生机制和条件几十年来一直不清楚,因为没有方法来表达地震荷载作用下破坏模式的连续转变,在实验中棘轮转变为塑性破坏行为。本文通过数值分析和试验研究阐明了棘轮诱导坍塌的机理。引入了代表自重和地震荷载应力水平转变的X-Y轨迹来表达棘轮的显著影响。地震破坏模式图与Bree图具有相似的应力分类,也被扩展为表示塑性破坏的发生条件。提出了结合X-Y轨迹和扩展地震破坏模式图的棘轮塌陷预测方法。
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Prediction Concept of Ratchet-Induced Collapse Under Deadweight and Seismic Loading
The failure mode estimation of essential components in nuclear facilities under beyond design-basis events (BDBEs) is necessary to mitigate the consequences during severe accident conditions. The plastic collapse induced by ratcheting, defined as the ratchet-induced collapse in this study, is one of the failure modes of piping components under seismic loading. This failure mode was first confirmed in the Pipe-fitting dynamic reliability program (PFDRP) conducted by EPRI in the 1980s. However, the mechanism and occurrence condition of this failure remained unclear for decades because there were no methods to express the continuous transition of failure modes under seismic loading, as ratcheting turned into a plastic collapse behavior in the experiment. In this study, the mechanism of the ratchet-induced collapse is clarified using numerical analyses and experimental tests. The X-Y trajectory representing the transition of the stress levels of deadweight and seismic loading is introduced to express the significant effect of ratcheting. The seismic failure mode map, which has a similar classification of stresses with Bree’s diagram, is also extended to represent the occurrence condition of plastic collapse. The prediction method of the ratchet-induced collapse is proposed by combining the X-Y trajectory and the extended seismic failure mode map.
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