Historical analysis of animal diseases: Nagana in Southwestern Ethiopia, Gambella.

Animals and humans have been intimate companions since antiquity. The history of animals discloses diverse episodes in human history. However, the history of animal disease via humans has been the least researched theme. Therefore, this study aimed to explore animal disease history with a special focus on Nagana in Gambella, Ethiopia. The study utilized content analysis of travelers’ accounts, archival documents, reports, and secondary sources. It revealed that nagana was endemic in the region due to the presence of dense forests, abundant game resources, and climatic factors. Nagana had direct and indirect repercussions. It caused the loss of domestic animals and productivity. It also influenced the economic, political, and cultural life of the people in Gambella. Moreover, limited prevention efforts exacerbated the repercussions of the disease.