Effects of Distributed Generation on Electrical Power Network and Protection

The energy consumption increases day by day. To meet this need, we need to increase the generation of energy. Due to this growing demand, non-renewable energy sources come into play. One of these solutions is to connect dg to the electrical network. These distribution networks are usually connected to a low voltage network. The trend of the unidirectional force flow has gradually changed. The power supply connected to the electrical network is a bidirectional current flow system. The additional energy is returned to the network. The reliability has been improved. The introduction of the DG into the conventional power supply system poses several challenges, such as: higher short circuit levels, higher load losses, lower energy quality, voltage transients, voltage stability problems, coordination problems of the voltage regulation and protection, and the protection of the system may not work properly, and due to the bidirectional power flows of the DGs, there is a lower contribution of residual current from the DGs connected to the inverters. This article examines the effects of the penetration of DG into DN and suggests possible solutions to reduce these effects. In addition, traditional protection strategies are reviewed with respect to the Dg connected to the energy system.