基因克隆

Diane Fougere, Cheirinho de Canela
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引用次数: 0

摘要

质粒DNA和限制性内切酶这两种自然存在的生物分子的发现具有显著的特性,这使得分离和操作特定DNA片段的方法的发展成为可能。通过这项技术,可以分离出DNA片段,甚至整个基因及其控制元件,并与质粒或噬菌体DNA重新连接,然后将杂交DNA分子插入细菌中。外源DNA插入物可以在细菌宿主内增殖,并诱导其表达或合成外源DNA的蛋白产物。实现这一目标的整个过程被称为重组DNA技术或基因工程。重组DNA技术已扩展到动物和植物细胞。在本章中,描述了基因组DNA的分离、修饰、重新连接和复制以及在宿主细胞内生产新的或增强的蛋白质产品的方法。
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Gene Cloning
The discovery of two naturally occurring biological molecules, plasmid DNA and restriction enzymes, with remarkable properties have made possible the development of methods to isolate and manipulate specific DNA fragments. Through this technology, a DNA fragment, even an entire gene and its controlling elements, can be isolated and rejoined with a plasmid or phage DNA, and the hybrid DNA molecule can be inserted into a bacterium. The foreign DNA insert can be multiplied inside the bacterial host and induced to express or synthesize the protein product of the foreign DNA. The entire process through which this can be achieved is called recombinant DNA technology or genetic engineering. The recombinant DNA technology has been extended to animal and plant cells. In this chapter, methods for isolation, modification, rejoining and replication of genomic DNA, and production of new or enhanced protein products within a host cell have been described.
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