除草剂和生长调节剂对冬油菜产量的影响

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Agriculture and Forestry Pub Date : 2022-11-28 DOI:10.37128/2707-5826-2022-4-10
S. Okrushko, Yurii Shcatula
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引用次数: 0

摘要

综述了土壤除草剂和保险除草剂防治杂草的研究成果,评价了生长调节剂nostim对冬季油菜籽作物杂交品种道尔顿形成的影响。我们研究了杂草的种类,并评价了除草剂的生态和生物有效性。冬油菜结瘤病的除草结构为:平均53株/m2,其中单子叶14株/m2,双子叶39株/m2。因此,确定杂草类型为混合型,程度为中等。实验所研究的药物对冬油菜没有抑制作用,也未观察到作物密度液化现象。用Noostim处理油菜籽作物对于调节栽培植物的发育、减少农药负荷带来的应激风险、确保控制最常见的疾病和有助于提高产量具有重要意义。台风除草剂处理(2.0 l / ha)与对照相比减少了79%的杂草。施用保险除草剂Slash (1.0 l / hm2)后,仅残留谷物杂草。冬油菜植株较高的株高和较好的分枝,保证了在持续施用除草剂的情况下产量的提高。对获得的数据进行统计评价,证实除草剂的引入减少了杂草的数量和危害,显著影响了产量的增长。在对该变种进行的2年研究中,按推荐用量依次施用Typhoon (1.6 l/ha)和Slash (0.75 l/ha)除草剂,并施用生长调节剂Noostim (0.3 l/ha),获得了最多的冬油菜种子。由于施用除草剂减少了杂草植被,冬油菜含油量增加到46.4% ~ 46.7%,产量为1.57 ~ 1.94 t hm -1。
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THE EFFECT OF HERBICIDES AND GROWTH REGULATOR ON THE YIELD OF WINTER RAPESEED
The article summarizes the results of research on weed control with soil and insurance herbicides, as well as evaluates the influence of the growth regulator Noostim on the formation of the winter rapeseed crop hybrid Dalton. We researched the species of weeds and evaluated the ecological and biological effectiveness of herbicides. The weeding structure of the agrocenosis of winter rape is presented as follows: on average there were 53 plants/m2, among which the presence of monocots was 14 plants/m2 and dicots 39 plants/m2. Therefore, it was established that the type of weediness is mixed, and the degree is medium. The drugs studied in the experiment did not inhibit winter rape plants and liquefaction of crop density was not observed. Treatment of rapeseed crops with Noostim was important for regulating the development of cultivated plants, reducing the risks of stress from pesticide load, ensuring control of the most common diseases and contributing to increased yields. Typhoon herbicide treatment (2.0 l / ha) reduced weeds by 79% compared to controls. Only cereal weeds remained after the application of the insurance herbicide Slash (1.0 l / ha). Higher height of winter rape plants and better branching ensured an increase in yield with consistent application of herbicides. Statistical evaluation of the obtained data confirms that the introduction of herbicides reduced the number and harmfulness of weeds, which significantly affected the growth of yield. The largest number of winter rapeseed seeds was obtained during 2 years of research on the variant, where the herbicides Typhoon (1.6 l/ha) and Slash (0.75 l/ha) were applied sequentially with reduced from the recommended rates of use together with the growth regulator Noostim (0, 3 l/ha). The oil content in winter rapeseed increased to 46.4-46.7%, and the oil yield was 1.57-1.94 t ha-1 as a result of reducing the level of weed vegetation due to the application of herbicides.
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来源期刊
Agriculture and Forestry
Agriculture and Forestry Environmental Science-Nature and Landscape Conservation
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
58
审稿时长
15 weeks
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