Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on idiopathic central precocious puberty – experience from an Indian centre

Abstract Objectives Owing to increase in referrals for precocity observed during COVID-19 lockdown, this study was conducted to estimate the proportion of patients referred for precocity and within these, those with idiopathic central precocious puberty (iCPP) before vs. during the COVID lockdown, and to assess the differences in anthropometric and clinical characteristics among iCPP patients in the two groups. Methods Retrospective study conducted at a tertiary level paediatric endocrinology centre (Western India) evaluating proportion of referrals for precocity and comparing demographics, anthropometry, pubertal staging and bone age at presentation among children with iCPP divided into two groups (pre-lockdown-group 1, lockdown-group 2). Results During lockdown, 155 (5.1%; 146 girls) of 3,053 referrals for precocity as opposed to 59 (1.4%; 54 girls) of 4,208 before the lockdown (p<0.05) were seen; increase was higher in girls (p<0.05). Proportion of referrals for iCPP was significantly higher in the lockdown (4.4%; 136 children vs. 1%; 44 children in group 2) among both genders. Mean age at first visit was 7.8 ± 1.3 and 8.2 ± 1.2 years in groups 1 and 2, respectively. Mean height, weight, BMI and height minus mid-parental height Z scores were not significantly different between the groups. Children in group 2 had a significantly advanced mean bone age (10.7 ± 2 years) and difference in bone and chronological ages (2.5 ± 1.2 years) as compared to group-1 (9.7 ± 1.9; 1.9 ± 1.2) and a larger proportion presented in late puberty. Conclusions We found an increase in the referrals for precocious puberty and an increase in number of children diagnosed with iCPP during COVID lockdown.