连接食谱:通过数据驱动的方法探索最佳连接实践

Rahmat Ashari, Owen Sorensen, P. Ashok, E. van Oort, M. Isbell, Koda Chovanetz, Nicole Foster
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引用次数: 2

摘要

尽管有大量研究调查了冲击和振动是如何导致井下钻具组合(BHA)在造孔过程中失效的,但很少有研究明确关注钻杆连接过程中的冲击和振动行为。该研究采用数据驱动的方法来探索各种连接方法及其相关的冲击和振动,旨在提出最佳的“连接配方”,以最大限度地减少连接过程中对钻柱的负面影响。该研究利用了安装在井下短节和钻头上的地面传感器、井下加速度计和陀螺仪的数据。总共研究了5个侧截面的520个连接。为了确保地面和井下数据的同步,进行了多次质量检查和校正。分析主要集中在两个连接阶段:离开底部和回到底部。粘滑事件的存在以及最大和均方根径向加速度(RMS)的高震级与相关的地面钻井参数一起进行了检查。采用了各种可视化方法来帮助演示不同的离底和回底操作所产生的振动和冲击行为。分析表明,在较低的转速(≤40 RPM)下重新启动地面转速,有可能在回底时引发粘滑事件。当表面转速充分增加时,RMS径向加速度显著降低。施加钻压前径向加速度最大,可以通过立即再次施加钻压来缓解。在低WOB值(≤15 klbf)下重新启动时,最大径向加速度明显变化。当钻离井底时,应降低地面转速,以避免最大径向加速度值的跳跃。这项工作为如何执行更好的连接提供了建议。由于之前在连接过程中冲击和振动的影响在很大程度上被忽视,该研究填补了知识空白,帮助建立更好的实践和自动化程序,以提高钻头和井下工具的使用寿命。
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Connection Recipes: Exploring Optimum Connection Practices through a Data-Driven Approach
Although numerous studies have investigated how shocks and vibrations contribute to bottomhole assembly (BHA) failures during hole-making, very few have explicitly focused on shock and vibrational behaviors during drillpipe connections. This study adopts a data-driven approach to explore various connection practices and their associated shocks and vibrations, aiming to propose optimum "connection recipes" that minimize negative drillstring impacts during connections. This study utilized data from surface sensors as well as downhole accelerometers and gyroscopes installed both at a downhole sub and the bit. In total, 520 connections from 5 lateral sections were studied. Several quality checks and corrections were performed to ensure synchronization between surface and downhole data. The analyses focused on two connection phases specifically: going off-bottom and going back to bottom. The presence of stick-slip events and high magnitudes of both maximum and root mean squared (RMS) radial accelerations were examined together with the associated surface drilling parameters. Various visualization approaches were performed to help demonstrate the vibration and shock behaviors resulting from different going off-bottom and going back to bottom practices. The analyses showed that restarting surface rotational speed at low values (≤ 40 RPM) risks inducing stick-slip events when going back to bottom. When the surface RPM was increased sufficiently, a notable reduction in RMS radial acceleration was observed. Maximum radial acceleration magnitude was highest before WOB application, which could be mitigated by immediate WOB re-application. Appreciable variation in the maximum radial acceleration was apparent when restarting at low (≤ 15 klbf) WOB values. When going off-bottom, drilling off should be accompanied by a reduction in the surface rotational speed to avoid a jump in the maximum radial acceleration values. This work provides suggestions on how to execute better connections. Since the impacts of shocks and vibrations during connections have previously been largely overlooked, this study fills a knowledge gap to help establish better practices and automation routines to improve the lifespan of the bit and downhole tools.
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