Lung Cancer Screening with Low-Dose Chest Computed Tomography

Early detection and treatment is important to reduce mortality from lung cancer. Based on the positive results of lung cancer-related mortality reduction from large randomized trials of low-dose chest computed tomography (LDCT)-based screening in high-risk populations, LDCT-based screening programs have been implemented in several countries including Republic of Korea. This review focus on the current evidence and state of the art of LDCT-based lung cancer screening, and further discuss the ongoing efforts to develop more efficient screening programs worldwide. This article includes recent updates on the identification of high-risk population eligible for screening and management for screen-detected nodules. Additionally, aspects on future research direction would be addressed.