Management of Anisometropic Amblyopia: A Case Report and Brief Review

Background Unilateral functional amblyopia due to anisometropia is a common cause of vision loss in children. There has been a significant amount of research recently to determine the most effective management strategies for such cases, and it is important for clinicians to determine how to apply these findings clinically. Case Report A 6-year-old female presented for her first comprehensive eye exam after failing a school vision screening. She was diagnosed with significant anisometropia with anisometropic amblyopia in her left eye. She was treated with spectacle correction initially, and was eventuallyfit with soft contact lenses to achieve optimal vision and binocularity. Part-time occlusion therapy was also initiated, which was modified throughout the treatment period based on clinical findings. She was also treated with 19 sessions of office-based vision therapy in order to maximize the success of amblyopia treatment. At the completion of the treatment, this patient showed significant improvement in her visual acuity and other non-acuity factors, including contrast sensitivity and binocularity. Conclusions The successful treatment of this patient with anisometropic amblyopia was achieved by the combination of active vision therapy with evidence-based management strategies, consisting of optical correction and occlusion therapy