Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on health of preterm infants in Iran

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) directly increases the risk of preterm delivery. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic may indirectly impact the health status of preterm infants. In the present study we noted several views regarding the negative effects of this viral disease on postnatal health that need much consideration. Methods: A short communication study was carried out in 2020. Literatures indicating several adverse effects of COVID 19 pandemic on health of preterm neonates were reviewed. Results: Literature review has revealed that regarding the protecting newborns from infectious risk in the neonatal intensive care units (NICU), several policies have been implemented. Isolation of ill COVID-19 positive mother, mother-infant separation, interruption of skin to skin contact and breastfeeding, restrictions associated with the presence of parents in the NICUs are some of them. Moreover, postponing the follow-up consultations and lack of healthcare services are also other influencing problems. Conclusion: It seems urgent measures must be implemented to protect preterm neonates and their parents against severe consequences. Providing adequate and professional human resources in the NICUs, improvement of virtual communication for parent's involvement in the NICU admission period and postnatal follow-up appointments, promotion of exclusive breastfeeding for subjects without any contraindication, reminding vaccination schedule by calling or texting, reducing the family's financial burden by governmental support, improving mother-infant bonding with respiratory and hand hygiene are a few recommendations that could be beneficial.