Effects of EPA+DHA from yellow-stripe scad and salmon on platelet and endothelial cell-related cytokines of healthy overweight Malaysians

Introduction: Overweight currently has become a major global burden. Salmon is one of the major sources for fish oil to treat inflammatory related cardiovascular diseases. Yellow-stripe scad (YSS) on the other hand, is a local Malaysian fish which can be a good substitute for salmon; however, the therapeutic effects of YSS is still unclear. Objective: Therefore, this study compared the nutritional values EPA+DHA of YSS and salmon on body mass index (BMI), leptin and activation markers for both platelet and endothelial cell. Methods: Healthy overweight Malaysian adults (n=45), aged 21-55  years old, were recruited for 6-months cross-over trial study. They were randomised equally to receive eight weeks of either steamed whole YSS fish or salmon fillet, for three days per week, obtaining approximately 7000 mg EPA+DHA weekly. The diets were switched after an eight-week washout period. Baseline dietary fish intakes were similar in the two groups. Both YSS and Salmon elevated EPA+DHA level of  leptin, platelet  and endothelial cell phospholipid membrane (data not shown). Body mass index (BMI), serum leptin and biomarkers of platelet and endothelial cell activation (sCD40L, P-selectin, IL-1?, vWF and VCAM-1) were evaluated.  Results: The comparison of data indicated no significant difference was observed after the treatment with YSS and salmon on pre and post BMI (p>0.05). However, there were significant differences observed in serum leptin for YSS-baseline group I and salmon-baseline group II (p 0.05). Significant decreased were also observed in serum vWF and VCAM-I in salmon/baseline group II (p 0.05).