隐私保护NoSQL数据库的实用框架

Ricardo Macedo, J. Paulo, Rogério Pontes, Bernardo Portela, Tiago Oliveira, M. Matos, R. Oliveira
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引用次数: 17

摘要

云基础设施提供数据库服务,作为存储和处理大量数据的经济高效且可扩展的解决方案。为了最大限度地提高性能,这些服务要求用户将敏感信息委托给云提供商,这引起了隐私和法律问题。这是采用云计算范式的一个主要障碍。最近的工作通过扩展数据库以在加密数据上进行计算来解决这个问题。然而,这些方法通常支持单一且严格的加密技术组合,并且总是使它们特定于应用程序。为了评估和扩大加密技术在安全云存储和处理中的适用性,需要在模块化和可配置的数据库环境中对这些技术进行彻底评估。对于数据隐私仍然被忽视的NoSQL数据存储来说,这一点更加明显。在本文中,我们提出了一个通用的NoSQL框架和一组支持数据处理加密技术的库,这些库可以与现有的NoSQL引擎一起使用,并组成以满足不同应用程序的隐私和性能要求。这是通过模块化和可扩展的设计实现的,该设计支持在同一数据库上应用多种加密技术进行数据处理。对于每种技术,我们提供了其安全模型的概述,以及一组广泛的实验。使用YCSB基准对框架进行了评估,在该基准中,我们评估了不同加密技术组合的实用性和性能权衡。一组宏实验的结果表明,当将我们的系统与没有隐私保证的基线数据库进行比较时,NoSQL操作性能的平均开销低于15%。
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A Practical Framework for Privacy-Preserving NoSQL Databases
Cloud infrastructures provide database services as cost-efficient and scalable solutions for storing and processing large amounts of data. To maximize performance, these services require users to trust sensitive information to the cloud provider, which raises privacy and legal concerns. This represents a major obstacle to the adoption of the cloud computing paradigm. Recent work addressed this issue by extending databases to compute over encrypted data. However, these approaches usually support a single and strict combination of cryptographic techniques invariably making them application specific. To assess and broaden the applicability of cryptographic techniques in secure cloud storage and processing, these techniques need to be thoroughly evaluated in a modular and configurable database environment. This is even more noticeable for NoSQL data stores where data privacy is still mostly overlooked. In this paper, we present a generic NoSQL framework and a set of libraries supporting data processing cryptographic techniques that can be used with existing NoSQL engines and composed to meet the privacy and performance requirements of different applications. This is achieved through a modular and extensible design that enables data processing over multiple cryptographic techniques applied on the same database. For each technique, we provide an overview of its security model, along with an extensive set of experiments. The framework is evaluated with the YCSB benchmark, where we assess the practicality and performance tradeoffs for different combinations of cryptographic techniques. The results for a set of macro experiments show that the average overhead in NoSQL operations performance is below 15%, when comparing our system with a baseline database without privacy guarantees.
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