Brandon Califar, R. Tucker, Juliana Cromie, Natasha J. L. Sng, R. Austin Schmitz, Jordan A. Callaham, Brad Barbazuk, A. Paul, R. Ferl
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The biological effects of radiation above Antarctica (ANT) were studied using Arabidopsis thaliana seeds and compared to a simulation of GCR at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) and to laboratory control seeds. The CRESS payload was broadly designed to 1U CubeSat specifications (10 cm × 10 cm × 10 cm, ≤1.33 kg), maintained 1 atm internal pressure, and carried an internal cargo of 580,000 seeds and twelve CR-39 Solid-State Nuclear Track Detectors (SSNTDs). Exposed BNL and ANT M0 seeds showed significantly reduced germination rates and elevated somatic mutation rates when compared to non-irradiated controls, with the BNL mutation rate also being higher than that of ANT. Genomic DNA from plants presenting distinct aberrant phenotypes was evaluated with whole-genome sequencing using PacBio SMRT technology, which revealed an array of structural genome variants in the M0 and M1 plants. 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引用次数: 3
摘要
宇宙射线暴露测序科学(CRESS)有效载荷系统是评估空间辐射对种子基因组影响的概念验证实验。CRESS被设计为2016年12月携带硼和碳宇宙射线在平流层(BACCUS)实验的高空、长时间南极气球飞行的次要有效载荷。银河宇宙辐射(GCR)的生物效应研究,特别是高能离子(HZE)的生物效应研究,由于这种类型的辐射造成的基因组损伤而引起了人们的兴趣。利用拟南芥种子研究了南极洲上空辐射(ANT)的生物学效应,并与布鲁克海文国家实验室(BNL)的GCR模拟和实验室对照种子进行了比较。CRESS有效载荷大致设计为1U CubeSat规格(10 cm × 10 cm × 10 cm,≤1.33 kg),保持1atm内部压力,并携带580,000颗种子和12颗CR-39固态核径道探测器(ssntd)的内部货物。与未辐照对照相比,BNL和ANT M0暴露的种子发芽率显著降低,体细胞突变率显著升高,BNL突变率也高于ANT。采用PacBio SMRT技术对具有明显异常表型的植物基因组DNA进行全基因组测序,发现M0和M1植物中存在一系列结构基因组变异。这项研究首次对空间辐照种子进行了全基因组表征,并证明了南极长时间气球在研究空间辐射对真核生物基因组的影响方面的效率和功效。
Approaches for Surveying Cosmic Radiation Damage in Large Populations of Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds – Antarctic Balloons and Particle Beams
Abstract The Cosmic Ray Exposure Sequencing Science (CRESS) payload system was a proof of concept experiment to assess the genomic impact of space radiation on seeds. CRESS was designed as a secondary payload for the December 2016 high-altitude, long-duration south polar balloon flight carrying the Boron and Carbon Cosmic Rays in the Upper Stratosphere (BACCUS) experiment. Investigation of the biological effects of Galactic Cosmic Radiation (GCR), particularly those of ions with High-Z and Energy (HZE), was of interest due to the genomic damage this type of radiation inflicts. The biological effects of radiation above Antarctica (ANT) were studied using Arabidopsis thaliana seeds and compared to a simulation of GCR at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) and to laboratory control seeds. The CRESS payload was broadly designed to 1U CubeSat specifications (10 cm × 10 cm × 10 cm, ≤1.33 kg), maintained 1 atm internal pressure, and carried an internal cargo of 580,000 seeds and twelve CR-39 Solid-State Nuclear Track Detectors (SSNTDs). Exposed BNL and ANT M0 seeds showed significantly reduced germination rates and elevated somatic mutation rates when compared to non-irradiated controls, with the BNL mutation rate also being higher than that of ANT. Genomic DNA from plants presenting distinct aberrant phenotypes was evaluated with whole-genome sequencing using PacBio SMRT technology, which revealed an array of structural genome variants in the M0 and M1 plants. This study was the first whole-genome characterization of space-irradiated seeds and demonstrated both the efficiency and efficacy of Antarctic long-duration balloons for the study of space radiation effects on eukaryote genomes.