激光切割头高度跟随的复合控制算法

Wu Da, Chunnian Zeng, Luo Jie, Y. Shu, Chen Lei, Jinmin Hu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

针对激光切割头电流高度跟随控制系统存在的响应速度慢、振荡强、调整时间长等缺点,提出了一种模糊比例-积分-导数(PID)控制与加速度闭环控制相结合的复合算法。模糊PID控制通过PID参数的自适应调节,可以满足激光切割头高度随动调节过程中各阶段对控制参数的不同要求。据此,可以将高度跟随误差衰减到设定的定位精度范围内。加速度闭环控制可以通过对激光切割头运动加速度的正负反馈调节来提高系统的加减速性能,实现高速伺服。为验证该算法的有效性,建立了激光加工高度跟踪控制系统的实验平台。通过实验验证,与传统的数字PID增量算法相比,该复合控制算法可以加快激光切割头高度跟踪控制系统的响应速度,提高系统的动态性能,在保证定位精度的前提下实现激光切割头高度的快速、精确的伺服控制。该算法有望为新型智能激光加工系统的开发奠定基础。
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A Compound Control Algorithm for Height Following of Laser Cutting Head
A composite algorithm combined with fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control and acceleration closed-loop control is proposed to address the defects of slow response speed, strong oscillation, and long adjustment time of the current height following control system for a laser cutting head. The fuzzy PID control can satisfy the different requirements for the control parameters in each stage of the height follow-up adjustment process for the laser cutting head via the adaptive adjustment of the PID parameters. Accordingly, the height following error can be attenuated to the set positioning accuracy range. The acceleration closed-loop control can improve the acceleration and deceleration performance of the system through the positive and negative feedback regulation of the motion acceleration of the laser cutting head to achieve high-speed servo. An experimental bench of height follow-up control system for laser fabrication is developed to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm. Through experimental verification, compared with the conventional digital PID incremental algorithm, this composite control algorithm can accelerate the response speed of height follow-up control system for the laser cutting head, improve the dynamic performance of the system, and realize fast and precise servo control of laser cutting head height under the premise of ensuring positioning accuracy. The proposed algorithm is expected to lay a foundation for the development of the new intelligent laser processing system.
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