芒果高密度种植制度下土壤和树木生产力分析。Mangifera indica L.)

T. Adak, D. Mishra, Kailash Kumar, vinod k. singh
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引用次数: 3

摘要

随着土地资源的萎缩和土地持有规模的缩小,农民必须采用高密度种植来提高水果的生产水平和盈利能力。在ICAR-CISH研究农场,勒克纳州Rehmankhera的沙质壤土中,19年生达什哈里芒果果园的最高产量为16 t hha -1,其次是10.0 t hha -1,最低产量为5.5 t hha -1,分别为400、267和100株hha -1。种植密度系统(1600、800、400、266、178和100棵树/公顷)也会影响土壤性质。不同体系的持水量在16.6% ~ 26.1%之间,孔隙度在46.2% ~ 71.5%之间。堆积密度为1.2 ~ 1.7 g cm -3,颗粒密度为2.2 ~ 2.9 g cm -3。土壤平均有机碳含量为0.38%,pH为7.2,速效N、P、K分别为66.92、13.91和77.85 mg kg -1。土壤和叶片微量元素在6种不同密度系统中的差异较大,表明需要进行最佳的养分管理。土壤有机碳与土壤其他性状呈显著正相关。研究表明,中密度系统(400棵/公顷)可在农民田间实行。
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Analysis of soil and tree productivity under high density planting system in mango cv. Dashehari (Mangifera indica L.)
Farmers have no alternative but to adopt high-density planting for enhancing fruit productivity level and profitability with the shrinking land resources and smaller land holding sizes. The highest yield of 16 t ha -1 followed by 10.0 t ha -1 and the least of 5.5 t ha -1 was recorded from 400, 267 and 100 trees ha -1 , respectively from 19 yrs old Dashehari mango orchard in sandy loam soils at research farm of ICAR-CISH, Rehmankhera, Lucknow. Planting density systems (1600, 800, 400, 266, 178 and 100 trees ha -1 ) also impacted soil properties. Water holding capacity varied between 16.6 to 26.1 % across systems while porosity ranged from 46.2–71.5 %. Likewise, bulk density and particle density had values of 1.2 to1.7 and 2.2 to 2.9 g cm -3 respectively. The mean soil organic carbon content was 0.38%, pH of 7.2, available N, P, K was 66.92, 13.91 and 77.85 mg kg -1 respectively. Soil and leaf micronutrients analyzed across six different density systems showed wide variations and indicated the need for optimum nutrient management. Significant and positive correlations were recorded between soil organic carbon with other soil properties. The study revealed that medium density system (400 trees ha -1 ) is to be practiced at farmers’ field.
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