Physical mapping of chloroplast DNAs of Agropyron glaucum, Ag. trichophorum and Haynaldia villosa using alloplasmic common wheat with cytoplasms of respective species

Chloroplast DNAs (cpDNAs) of Agropyron glaucum, Ag. trichophorum and Haynaldia villosa were studied using alloplasmic hybrids of common wheat (Triticum aestivum; nuclear donor) with cytoplasms of the respective species. Chloroplast genome sizes of the two Agropyron species and Hy. villosa were very close to 135 kb of common wheat. Restriction maps were constructed using seven restriction enzymes. Eight fragment length mutations (deletions/insertions) and five recognition site mutations were detected among 167 sites studied. CpDNAs of Agropyron, Hy. villosa and common wheat were very closely related: Base substitution rate per 100 base pairs (d) was 0.10 between Hy. villosa and common wheat, 0.19 between common wheat and Agropyron, and 0.29 between Agropyron and Hy. villosa. There was only one site difference (Hindlll site) between the two Agropyron species (d=0.05).