以学习者为中心与以教师为中心:它们有何不同?

Fumiko Yoshida, G. Conti, Toyoaki Yamauchi, Misa Kawanishi
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摘要

本研究描述了区分以学习者为中心和以教师为中心的教学方法的教学风格行为。教学风格评估量表是衡量教学风格的量表,由日本1261名护理教师完成。判别分析和聚类分析表明,个性化教学是区分以学生为中心教学与以教师为中心教学的显著特征。个性化教学承认并利用每个学生的独特优势。个性化教学可以促进学生对人际关系的理解和自我意识。通过实施个性化教学,教师可以促进学生的元认知过程,这对个人来说是健康的,对有意义的学习是有益的。以学习者为中心支持个性化教学,而以教师为中心则拒绝个性化教学。教师实践以学习者为中心和以教师为中心的风格几乎是一样的。个性化教学是最关键的教学风格要素,是区分教学风格不可缺少的决定性因素。
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Learner-Centeredness vs. Teacher-Centeredness: How Are They Different?
This study describes the teaching style behaviors that differentiate between learner-centered and teacher-centered approaches to teaching. The Teaching Style Assessment Scale, which measures teaching style, was completed by 1,261 nursing faculty in Japan. Discriminant analysis and cluster analysis revealed that the distinctive characteristic distinguishing the learner-centered approach from the teacher-centered approach is Personalizing Instruction. Personalizing Instruction recognizes and utilizes the uniqueness of each student’s strengths. Personalizing Instruction can facilitate students’ interpersonal understanding and self-awareness. By implementing Personalizing Instruction, teachers can facilitate the metacognitive process in their students, which is healthy for the individual and productive for meaningful learning. Learner-centeredness embraces Personalizing Instruction, while teacher-centeredness rejects it. Teachers practice learner-centered and teacher-centered styles nearly equally. Personalizing Instruction is the most critical teaching style element and the indispensable definitive factor separating these styles.
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