Brief report: the effect of gender on teachers’ perceptions of behaviours in students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

ABSTRACT Objective It has been suggested that gender stereotypes can influence social perception and how people perceive behaviours in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) based on the individual’s gender. This study aimed to investigate the effect of student’s gender on teachers’ perceptions of ASD behaviours in regular school settings. Method The sample consisted of 60 primary school teachers with a mean of 11.82 years (SD = 7.34) of teaching experience. Participants read a total of 20 vignettes depicting students’ behaviours and were asked to rate the featured student’s behaviour using a 5-point Likert scale (i.e., 1 = Strongly Negative to 5 = Strongly Positive). The survey vignettes were presented in a randomised order and participants were randomly assigned to either the female gender group or the male gender group. Results Results indicated that teachers rated the male ASD student’s social behaviours but not the repetitive and restricted behaviours significantly more negatively than the female ASD student. Using multiple regression analysis, teachers’ prior awareness of ASD affected their ratings for the social behaviours. Conclusion Findings from this study would have implications for teacher training in understanding and supporting students with ASD.