生态风险与弗雷斯科泻湖表层沉积物中痕量金属水平的联系,Côte科特迪瓦,西非

Ouattara Yè Nicaise, Trokourey Albert, Tuo Adama Diarrassouba
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引用次数: 0

摘要

沉积物中微量金属的污染仍然是当前世界范围内水生生态系统管理的一个问题。分析了Fresco Lagoon (Côte d'Ivoire)的表层沉积物,以评估该地区的污染程度。在2019年6月至2020年3月期间,对10个站点采集的样品进行了五种选定的微量金属(Pb、As、Mn、Zn和Fe)浓度和有机质含量的测定。用ICP-OES法测定痕量金属浓度,用着火失重法测定有机质含量。结果表明,土壤有机质含量在5.28% ~ 28.31%之间,微量金属(mg)含量在5.28% ~ 28.31%之间。kg-1干重),Pb为3.68 ~ 38.2,As为0.98 ~ 19.1,Mn为19.79 ~ 325,Zn为13.78 ~ 461.18,Fe为1269.21 ~ 59862.37。有机质与Pb、Fe呈极显著正相关。为了评价研究区金属污染状况,还计算了4个污染指数:地质积累指数(Igeo)、富集系数(EF)、污染程度(DC)和污染负荷指数(PLI)。根据Igeo值,Fresco Lagoon沉积物中As处于未污染至中度污染范围,Zn、Pb、Mn、Fe未受污染。Pb、Zn、As、Mn、Fe的富集因子分别为:64.22±52.32、107.04±111.88、227.29±203.06、10.25±8.76、52.04±47.44,表明这些金属的来源更可能是人为的。富集因子的递减趋势为:as > Zn > Pb > Fe > Mn。此外,由于农业径流等直接外部来源和其他人为输入的影响,靠近市区的站点PLI值(PLI>1)更高。Fresco Lagoon沉积物中微量金属浓度与沉积物质量指南的比较表明,底栖生物没有砷、铅和锌的毒性风险。总之,本工作的结果表明,需要对一般微量金属,特别是铅和砷的人为活动进行最佳管理。
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Ecological Risk Link to Trace Metals Levels in Surface Sediments from Fresco Lagoon, Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa
Sediment contamination with trace metals remains a current problem for aquatic ecosystems management worldwide. Surface sediments from Fresco Lagoon (Côte d'Ivoire) were analyzed to assess the contamination degree of the area. Concentrations of five selected trace metals (Pb, As, Mn, Zn, and Fe) and organic matter content were determined in samples collected from ten (10) stations, from June 2019 to March 2020. Trace metals concentrations were determined using an ICP-OES Instrument, while the organic matter contents were determined by the mass loss on ignition. The results revealed organic matter contents ranged from 5.28 to 28.31% and concentrations of trace metal (in mg.kg-1 dry weight) in the following ranges: 3.68 to 38.2 for Pb, 0.98 to 19.1 for As, 19.79 to 325 for Mn, 13.78 to 461.18 for Zn, and 1269.21 to 59862.37 for Fe. Organic matter showed a positive and significant correlation with Pb and Fe. To assess the metal pollution status in the studied area, four pollution indices were also calculated: Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Enrichment Factor (EF), Degree of Contamination (DC), and Pollution Load Index (PLI). Based on Igeo values, the sediments of Fresco Lagoon were in the range of unpolluted to moderately polluted with As, but unpolluted with Zn, Pb, Mn, Fe. The Enrichment factors of Pb, Zn, As, Mn, and Fe were: 64.22±52.32, 107.04±111.88, 227.29±203.06, 10.25±8.76, and 52.04±47.44 respectively, suggesting that the source of those metals was more likely to be anthropogenic. The falling trend of enrichment factors was as follows: As > Zn > Pb > Fe > Mn. Moreover, the PLI values (PLI>1) showed higher values at the stations closed to the urban area, due to the influence of direct external sources such as agricultural runoff, and other anthropogenic inputs. The comparison of trace metals concentrations in sediments from Fresco Lagoon with the sediment quality guidelines showed that there was no toxic risk for benthic organisms regarding arsenic, lead, and zinc. In conclusion, the results obtained for the present work have revealed the need for the best management of anthropogenic activities regarding trace metals in general, and more particularly Pb and As.
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