电化学膜清洗硫酸铜和磷酸三钠工艺溶液的效率

O. Abonosimov, S. I. Lazarev, S. Kotenev, I. Selivanov, K. Polyanskiy
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摘要

探讨了电化学膜法在工业水中去除硫酸铜和磷酸三钠过程中的潜在实际应用。研究对象为含有硫酸铜和磷酸三钠的工艺溶液和具有不同选择性渗透特性的半透性聚合物膜。研究了电膜分离跨膜参数对铜冶炼生产水处理过程中MGA-95P和OPM-K膜主要动力学特性的影响。根据半透膜聚合物的理化性质、膜间压力、工艺溶液浓度和温度等因素,得到了膜截留率的近似表达式。确定经验系数以计算和预测废除率值,这些值可用于设计用于工业和废水分离、处理和浓缩的实验室、中试和工业装置。基于能斯特-普朗克方程和泊松-玻尔兹曼方程的解,建立了电化学膜分离的传质数学模型。该模型允许对膜间通道中的浓度场以及渗透和保留线中的浓度变化进行过程物理描述和计算。通过将实验数据与理论值进行比较,检验数学模型的充分性,实验数据与理论数据之间的差异在实验误差和计算值误差的范围内。
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Efficiency of electrochemical membrane cleaning of process solutions from copper sulphate and trisodium phosphate
The paper considers the potential practical application of an electrochemical membrane method in the process of copper sulfate and trisodium phosphate removal from industrial water. The research objects were process solutions containing copper sulfate and trisodium phosphate and semipermeable polymeric membranes with various selective permeability characteristics. The study covers the effect that the transmembrane parameters of electromembrane separation have on the main kinetic characteristics of MGA-95P and OPM-K membranes in the process of copper smelting production water treatment. Approximation expressions were obtained to calculate membrane rejection rate depending on the physicochemical basis of the semipermeable membrane polymer, transmembrane pressure as well as process solution concentration and temperature. Empirical coefficients were determined to calculate and predict rejection rate values that can be used in the design of laboratory, pilot and industrial units used in the separation, treatment and concentration of industrial and waste water. The mathematical model of mass transfer was developed for electrochemical membrane separation taking into account assumptions made based on the solutions of the Nernst—Planck and Poisson—Boltzmann equations. This model allows for process physical description and calculations of concentration fields in the intermembrane channel and concentration changes in permeate and retentate lines. The mathematical model was checked for adequacy by comparing experimental data on retention rate with theoretical values where discrepancies between the experimental and theoretical data were within the limits of the experimental error and the error of calculated values.
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