Utilization of Waste Shells as Cao Catalyst in Biodiesel Production from Used Cooking Oil

This research is motivated by the depletion of energy reserves while the need continues to grow. Biodiesel is an alternative fuel that is produced from vegetable oil, animal fat, waste oil, and so on. This study aims to determine the best transesterification treatment variable and also determine the most influential main effect using the 2 level 3 factorial design method. operating time of 50 minutes and 70 minutes. The best transesterification conditions were found in the 8th variable with the addition of 4% (w/w) CaO catalyst, 70 minutes of transesterification time, and 70 oC operating temperature. The biodiesel characteristics obtained were viscosity value 4.8908 cSt, density 853.2 kg/m3 , the yield was 78.1%, and the cetane number was 39. The most influential effect was the percentage of catalyst.