A fault protection scheme for series active power filters

A protection scheme for series active power filters is presented and analyzed in this paper. The proposed scheme protects series active power filters when short-circuit faults occur in the power distribution system. The principal protection element is a varistor, which is connected in parallel to the secondary of each current transformer. The current transformers used to connect the active power filter present a low magnetic saturation characteristic increasing current ratio error when high currents circulate through the primary winding, thus generating lower secondary currents. In this way, the power dissipated by the varistors is significantly reduced. After few cycles of short-circuit currents flowing through the varistor the gating signals applied to the active power filter switches are removed and the PWM voltage-source inverter is short circuited through a couple of antiparallel thyristors.