柏林的犹太旅游和德国对大屠杀的公开忏悔

Q2 Social Sciences Academica Turistica Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI:10.26493/2335-4194.11.117-126
A. M. Blankenship
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引用次数: 2

摘要

几代人以来,散居海外的犹太人都抵制德国产品,他们做梦也想不到自己会踏上一个杀害了600万犹太人的国家的边界。然而,今天,美国犹太人访问德国的可能性并不比非犹太裔美国人少,成千上万的以色列犹太人住在柏林。我的研究询问了德国政府和私人旅游业如何对待柏林的犹太旅游,并评估了犹太游客对访问柏林的经历的反应。2018年夏天,我采访了四位导游和众多游客,观察了人们与该市大屠杀纪念馆和其他犹太遗址的互动,参加了以犹太为主题的旅游,并对一万多条TripAdvisor评论进行了“网络分析”。这项定性研究表明,虽然许多犹太人对访问德国表示担忧,并在现场经历了情感上的动荡,但大量的大屠杀纪念馆和博物馆使大多数犹太游客相信,德国致力于教育和提醒其人民德国过去的罪行,并致力于修复他们与全球犹太社区的关系。这些旅行既加强了游客的犹太身份认同,也让他们能够将自己民族的创伤历史与当前的德国民族和解。这篇文章简要分析了战后德国针对外国犹太人的市场营销,描述了柏林与犹太人有关的景点,并在提出结论之前揭示了柏林犹太游客的反应。关键词:犹太旅游,德国,柏林,黑暗旅游,大屠杀,纪念
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Jewish Tourism in Berlin and Germany’s Public Repentance for the Holocaust
For generations, members of the Jewish diaspora boycotted German products and would not have dreamed of stepping foot within the borders of a nation that murdered six million of their people. Today, however, American Jews are no less likely to visit Germany than non-Jewish Americans are, and thousands of Israeli Jews live in Berlin. My research asks how the German government and private tourism industries approach Jewish tourism in Berlin and assesses how Jewish visitors respond to the experience of visiting Berlin.During the summer of 2018, I interviewed four tour guides and numerous tourists, observed people’s interactionwith the city’sHolocaust memorials and other Jewish sites, partook in Jewish-themed tours, and conducted a ‘netnography’ of analysing over ten thousand TripAdvisor reviews. This qualitative research showed thatwhilemany Jews express apprehension about visiting Germany and experience emotional turmoil on site, the abundant memorials and museums dedicated to the Holocaust convince most  Jewish tourists that the nation is dedicated to educating and reminding its people about Germany’s past crimes and committed to repairing their relationship with the global Jewish community. The trips have the effect of both strengthening tourists’ Jewish identity and allowing them to  reconcile their people’s traumatic history with the current German nation. The article provides a brief analysis of Germany’s post-war marketing directed at foreign Jews, describes the Jewish-related sites in Berlin, and reveals the responses of Jewish tourists in Berlin before presenting its conclusions.  Keywords : Jewish tourism, Germany, Berlin, dark tourism, Holocaust, memorialisation
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来源期刊
Academica Turistica
Academica Turistica Social Sciences-Social Sciences (all)
CiteScore
1.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
32
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