维生素D缺乏在抗结核保护中的作用

L. Todoriko, Ya.I. Toderika, O. Shevchenko, O. Pidverbetska, O.Ya. Pidverbetskyi
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引用次数: 1

摘要

背景。现代生理学的主要任务是全面探索优化结核病的病因和致病治疗方法。除致因性抗菌药物治疗外,寻找改进的治疗方法是在改进病原学治疗的平面上。对现有科学资料的分析表明,由于维生素D代谢物支持对结核分枝杆菌的先天免疫反应,在致病性治疗中加入维生素D可以提高结核病治疗的疗效。目标。通过分析现有的有关这一主题的科学资料,确定维生素D在肺结核炎症反应的免疫发病机制中的作用,并评估其对提高治疗有效性的影响前景。材料和方法。该研究在2020年12月至2021年8月期间进行。关键词:肺结核,维生素D,作用机制,发病机理,治疗。获取各种全文和摘要数据库是研究的主要来源。结果和讨论。迄今为止进行的大量研究证明了维生素D缺乏与肺结核的发生之间的联系。维生素D受体被发现存在于免疫细胞的各种表面,包括T细胞和B细胞,这表明它们需要维生素D来发挥细胞功能。维生素D已被证明可增加巨噬细胞的吞噬活性,并且与胆钙化醇(维生素D3)代谢物孵育的单核细胞可诱导抗结核活性。许多研究表明,维生素D可以增加人体产生抗菌/抗细菌肽LL-37,这是抗菌肽家族的一员。因此,根据文献的狭义分析表明,在人体维生素D充足的情况下,结核病的病程将是有利的,而在维生素D缺乏的情况下,结核病的病程可能是不利的,而维生素D缺乏主要与遗传多态性有关。结论。维生素D作为巨噬细胞的激活剂之一,在人体对结核分枝杆菌的免疫防御中发挥作用。将维生素D纳入结核病感染的综合治疗方案是有希望的,因为它能促进抗菌/抗真菌肽LL-37的产生。它可以作为儿童结核病预防的组成部分之一。
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The role of vitamin D deficiency in antituberculous protection
BACKGROUND. The main task of modern phthysiology is a comprehensive search for ways to optimize the etiotropic and the pathogenetic treatment of tuberculosis (TB). The search for improved treatment in addition to etiotropic antimicrobial therapy lies in the plane of improving pathogenetic therapy. Analysis of the available scientific sources suggests that the efficacy of TB treatment can be improved by adding vitamin D to the pathogenetic treatment, as vitamin D metabolites support the innate immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. OBJECTIVE. To determine the role of vitamin D in the immunopathogenesis of the inflammatory response in pulmonary TB and to assess the prospects of its impact on improving the effectiveness of treatment by analyzing information from available scientific sources on this topic. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study was performed for the period December 2020 – August 2021. The search was conducted by Keywords: pulmonary tuberculosis, vitamin D, mechanism of action, pathogenesis, treatment. Access to various full-text and abstract databases was used as the main source of research. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. A large number of studies conducted so far prove the link between vitamin D deficiency and the occurrence of pulmonary TB. Vitamin D receptors have been found to be present on various surfaces of immune cells, including T and B cells, indicating that they need vitamin D to perform cellular functions. Vitamin D has been shown to increase the phagocytic activity of macrophages, and that monocytes incubated with cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) metabolites induce anti-TB activity. A number of studies have shown that vitamin D increases the body’s production of the antimicrobial/antimycobacterial peptide LL-37, a member of the cathelicidin petelide family. Therefore, the narrowly analyzed analysis according to the literature suggests that in the conditions of full vitamin D status of the human body the course of TB will be favorable, and in case of vitamin D deficiency – which is primarily associated with genetic polymorphisms, the course of TB may be unfavorable. CONCLUSIONS. Vitamin D functionates as one of the activators of macrophages and plays a role in the immune defense of the human body against mycobacterial TB. The inclusion of vitamin D in the program of complex treatment of TB infection is promising, as it enhances the production of antimicrobial/antimycobacterial peptide LL-37. It can be used as one of the components of TB prevention in children.
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