俄勒冈州海岸沙丘生境水疱甲虫(Meloe) Strigulosus Mannerheim)的遗传关系(鞘翅目:水疱甲虫科

Pub Date : 2020-11-26 DOI:10.3157/061.146.0307
J. D. Pinto, R. Westcott, R. Stouthamer, P. Rugman-Jones
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引用次数: 2

摘要

摘要:众所周知,蜜蜂属的幼虫在各种地面筑巢蜜蜂的饲料和未成熟阶段发育。麦乐的第一龄,通常被称为三角蜂,通过对成年蜜蜂的捕食来获取食物来源。在大多数物种中,三角鸟在花朵上寻找并附着在来访的蜜蜂上。人们早就知道,三角蝽也会附着在各种有毛的花上,比如双翅目,这些花不作为寄主。三棱羚依附于非主人访客的命运一直受到质疑,一些人认为这是一种没有出路的行为。在本研究中,我们提供了第一个直接证据,证明附着在非寄主昆虫上可以导致花对花的传播,因此不一定是一个死亡因素。此外,我们还发现,非寄主附着物(主要是在速蝇科物种上)相对常见,并且构成了访花者携带的三龙谷碱总负荷的很大一部分。在整个研究区域内对棘棘单胞虫COI线粒体基因的变异进行了调查,发现了四种单倍型;它们的分布也提供了在最终附着宿主之前在栖息地内扩散的有限证据。
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Phoretic Relationships of the Blister Beetle Meloe (Meloe) Strigulosus Mannerheim (Coleoptera: Meloidae) from a Coastal Dune Habitat in Oregon
ABSTRACT The larval instars of the genus Meloe L. are known to develop on provisions and immature stages of various species of ground-nesting bees. The first instar of Meloe, commonly known as a triungulin, attains its food source through phoresy on adult bees. In most species, the triungulins quest on flowers and attach to visiting bees. It has long been known that triungulins also attach to a variety of pilose flower visitors such as Diptera that do not serve as hosts. The fate of triungulins attaching to non-host visitors has been questioned and considered by some to be dead-end behavior. In this study of Meloe strigulosus Mannerheim in a coastal dune habitat we provide the first direct evidence that attachment to non-host insects can result in flower to flower dispersal and thus is not necessarily a mortality factor. In addition, we show that non-host attachments, largely on species of Tachinidae, are relatively common and constitute a significant fraction of the total triungulin load carried by flower visitors. A survey of variation in the COI mitochondrial gene of M. strigulosus throughout our study area reveals four haplotypes; their distribution also provides limited evidence for within habitat dispersal prior to final host attachment.
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