Predicting the development of complications in patients with rhinosinusitis by cytokine profile indicators

Aim. To develop a method for predicting the development of complications in rhinosinusitis patients based on the cytokine profile study. Methods. We examined 110 patients with rhinosinusitis and 30 healthy donors (control group). The patients were divided into the group without a complicated course of rhinosinusitis (first group, n=65) and the group with a complicated course of rhinosinusitis (second group, n=45). The blood serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, IL-18, interferon (IFN)- were determined by enzyme immunoassay. Statistical analysis of the results was performed by using Microsoft Excel 2013 and Statistica 12.0 software. Statistically significant differences between the compared groups were determined by using the MannWhitney U-test, and p 0.05 was considered significant. Multivariate analysis included correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis. The mathematical model consistency was determined by using Fisher's F-test, and p 0.05 was considered significant. Results. Changes in cytokine profile manifested by a decrease in the level of interleukin-1 (p=0.00001), interleukin-4 (p=0.045) and an increase in the level of interleukin-18 (p=0.00001) were revealed in patients with uncomplicated course of rhinosinusitis. The complicated course of rhinosinusitis was characterized by a decrease in the level of interleukin-1 (p=0.00002), interleukin-4 (p=0.049) and an increase in the level of interleukin-8 (p=0.023), interleukin-17 (p=0.00015) and interleukin-18 (p=0.0002). Comparative analysis of the first and the second groups of patients showed an increased level of interleukin-8 (p=0.00001), interleukin-17 (p=0.0001) and reduced levels of interleukin-18 (p=0.00045) in the group of patients with complicated course of rhinosinusitis. Based on interleukin-17, interleukin-8 and interleukin-18 levels, the mathematical model for predicting the development of complications in patients with rhinosinusitis was developed. Conclusion. The complicated course of rhinosinusitis was characterized by decreased levels of interleukin-1, interleukin-4 and increased levels of interleukin-17, interleukin-8 and interleukin-18, indicating a more pronounced inflammatory process; for personalized therapy, an approach based on interleukin-17, interleukin-8 and interleukin-18 levels was developed on which the development of a complicated course in patients with rhinosinusitis can be predicted.