Investigation of Seed Germination Indices and Anthocyanin Content of Niger (Guizotia abyssinica) Seedling under the Effect of Three Nanoparticles

Introduction: The use of nanotechnology as a diverse and applied discipline is ongoing in almost all areas of science. Fertilizers and nano-nutrients have the effective properties which help the production of plants, depending on their needs to regulate the plant growth. Plants under stress conditions tend to produce natural nanoparticles to continue their growth. Nano TiO 2 has a highly photocatalytic effect and as a catalyst, it is mainly used in water, electronic devices, conversion and storage equipment of energy as suspension. Sources of SiO 2 are very diverse, including natural nanoparticles, anthropogenic particles and engineering nanoparticles. Although silicon is not an essential element for growth in many crops, it has beneficial effects on plant growth and development. Today, carbon nanotubes are one of the most important materials in industrial programs. These materials, with different production methods and specific properties, can play an important role in the production of composite materials and have applications in medicine, electronics and energy storage. The Niger plant, with the scientific name of Goizotia abyssinica (L.F) Cass, belongs to the Asteraceae family. Its seeds are used in pharmacy, are produced by exposure to stress due to their antioxidant activity. In general, it can be said that increasing the concentration of nanoparticles causes the oxidative stress in the plant and the subsequent increase. Therefore, it is recommended that by investigating the bad effects of nanoparticles on plants, if necessary, use be made of nanoparticles at low concentrations (less than 60 mg/l) to increase the plant's efficiency.