美国黑熊在郊区的资源利用:一个土地所有者阶梯式选择方法

IF 0.9 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Human–Wildlife Interactions Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI:10.26077/2AF3-235D
F. S. Ahrestani, Mark A. Ternent, M. Lovallo, W. D. Walter
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引用次数: 2

摘要

美洲黑熊(Ursus americanus)的活动范围扩大;熊)和住宅的发展增加了熊在郊区的存在。郊区景观展示了不同大小的地块和栖息地的拼凑,由不同价值的土地所有者拥有,可以创造出大面积的适宜栖息地,但公共通道有限。这些景观可能会限制狩猎作为传统熊类种群管理工具的有效性。在实施旨在减轻郊区冲突的收获法规之前,管理者需要更好地了解土地所有者对狩猎的态度。为了满足这一需求,2013年,我们对美国宾夕法尼亚州3个郊区的土地所有者进行了调查,以确定允许猎熊的土地,这些地区的熊目击或人熊冲突增加。然后,我们使用从2010年到2012年获得的29只配备全球定位系统发射器的熊的位置数据来模拟它们在研究区域的资源选择。我们评估了狩猎通道、住房密度、土地覆盖和地形变量对熊狩猎季节前、期间和之后10天监测的无线电标记黑熊的影响。结果表明,3个季节的放射线标记熊的资源选择相似,3个季节的放射线标记熊对林地的资源选择相似,在狩猎前和狩猎期对草本覆盖的资源选择相似。在狩猎前和狩猎期,熊的资源选择不受狩猎途径的影响。对于后狩猎时期,禁止狩猎的土地作为第二好的模式得到支持。在我们的研究中,所有有放射性标记的熊都很容易被捕获。然而,它们在狩猎季节不会改变资源选择,也不会避开开放的狩猎区域。将人类维度数据与熊栖息地利用研究相结合,特别是在郊区景观中,有可能解决传统研究设计经常忽视的熊空间利用和种群管理需求。在景观或层面上评估数据集,以更全面地了解流行病学,
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Resource Use by American Black Bears in Suburbia: A Landholder Step Selection Approach
: Range expansion of American black bears ( Ursus americanus; bear) and residential development have increased the bear presence in suburbia. Suburban landscapes exhibiting patchworks of variable-sized parcels and habitats and owned by landowners with diverse values can create large areas of suitable habitats with limited public access. These landscapes may limit the effectiveness of hunting as a traditional bear population management tool. Managers require better information regarding landowner attitudes about hunting before implementing harvest regulations intended to mitigate conflicts in suburban areas. To address this need, in 2013, we surveyed landowners to identify properties that allowed bear hunting in 3 suburban areas of Pennsylvania, USA where bear sightings or human–bear conflicts have increased. We then used location data obtained for 29 bears equipped with global positioning system transmitters from 2010 to 2012 to model their resource selection in the study area. We assessed the influence of hunting access, housing density, land cover, and topographic variables on radio-marked black bears monitored 10 days before, during, and after the bear hunting season. We found that resource selection of radio-marked bears was similar for all 3 periods and bears selected for forested land in all 3 seasons and herbaceous cover in the pre-hunting and hunting periods. Resource selection by bears was not influenced by hunting access in the pre-hunting and hunting periods. For the post-hunting period, lands closed to hunting had support as the second-best model. All of the radio-marked bears in our study were vulnerable to harvest. However, they did not change resource selection during the hunting season, nor did they avoid areas open to hunting. Integrating human dimension data with bear habitat use studies, especially in suburban landscapes, has the potential to address bear space use and population management needs often overlooked by traditional research designs. evaluating datasets at the landscape or level for a more complete understanding of ecology of a of organisms that epidemiology,
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来源期刊
Human–Wildlife Interactions
Human–Wildlife Interactions Environmental Science-Nature and Landscape Conservation
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: Human–Wildlife Interactions (HWI) serves the professional needs of the wildlife biologist and manager in the arena of human–wildlife conflicts/interactions, wildlife damage management, and contemporary wildlife management. The intent of HWI is to publish original contributions on all aspects of contemporary wildlife management and human–wildlife interactions with an emphasis on scientific research and management case studies that identify and report innovative conservation strategies, technologies, tools, and partnerships that can enhance human–wildlife interactions by mitigating human–wildlife conflicts through direct and indirect management of wildlife and increased stakeholder engagement. Our intent is to promote a dialogue among wildlife professionals concerning contemporary management issues. As such, we hope to provide a repository for wildlife management science and case studies that document and share manager experiences and lessons learned.
期刊最新文献
Lethal Control Exotic Species Economics Habitat Manipulation Wildlife Translocation
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