熔焊接头:一种用于卷绕和疲劳敏感应用的HDPE内衬管道连接新方法

F. Lirola
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引用次数: 0

摘要

防腐是所有海底开发的一个关键方面。事实上,海底管道维护和维修的复杂性使得有必要提供适合油田全寿命周期的解决方案。虽然提到腐蚀时,人们首先想到的是输送腐蚀性化合物(例如CO2和H2S)的生产线等敏感应用,但其他应用虽然看起来要求不高,但也需要从腐蚀的角度适当解决。其中一个应用是注水管线。这些管线的腐蚀通常采用多种方法来解决,具体取决于操作理念:上层处理、腐蚀余量、包层或塑料衬垫。通常必须在注入水在上层处理的范围和其他缓蚀剂之间找到平衡。这种评估应仔细进行,所选择的方法将影响采购和安装费用。例如,增加管壁厚度以应对腐蚀将导致更高的铺设容器安装能力以及更长的焊接时间,而依赖于包层管道将对采购成本产生负面影响,并且需要实施更复杂的无损检测方法。塑料衬垫提供了一种相关的替代方案,但它们的实施必须经过仔细评估,以确保其保持成本竞争力。在这种程度上,熔合接头已经开发和合格。该系统确保了碳钢焊接位置塑料层的连续性,同时限制了海上循环时间,从而保持了安装船的铺设速度。本文概述了该技术本身,并对已开展的广泛的鉴定活动进行了总结。将提供测试活动的全球概况,从开发的早期阶段到在代表其实际操作条件的环境中对该技术进行全面测试。讨论的主题将包括:系统和相关工具的原型设计,电熔焊接过程的鉴定以及其控制和碳钢焊接过程的鉴定。将介绍和讨论所进行测试的主要挑战和结果。将重点介绍疲劳测试活动的特点,包括疲劳管柱设计以及塑料电熔焊接的疲劳性能。最后,讨论了FBJ在缫丝中的适用性。
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The Fusion Bonded Joint: A New Way of Joining HDPE Lined Pipes for Reeling and Fatigue Sensitive Applications
Corrosion protection is a key aspect of all subsea developments. Indeed the complexity of subsea pipe maintenance and repair makes it necessary to provide solutions suitable for the full life time of the field. Though sensitive applications such as production lines transporting corrosive compounds, CO2 and H2S for instance, immediately comes to mind when mentioning corrosion, other applications, though seemingly less demanding, also require to be properly addressed from a corrosion perspective. One of these applications is water injection lines. Corrosion in these lines is usually tackled with using a wide range of approaches depending on operation philosophy: topside treatment, corrosion allowance, cladding or plastic liners. A balance usually has to be found between how extensively the injected water is processed topsides and what other corrosion mitigations methods are deployed. This assessment should be carefully conducted the selected approach will impact procurement and installation costs. For instance, increasing the pipe wall thickness to cope with corrosion would results in higher lay vessel installation capabilities as well as longer welding time while relying on clad pipes would negatively impact procurement costs and require more complex NDT methods to be implemented. Plastic liners offer a relevant alternative though their implementation has to be carefully assessed so as to ensure it remains cost competitive. To that extent, the Fusion Bonded Joint has been developed and qualified. This system ensures the continuity of the plastic layer at carbon steel weld locations while limiting the offshore cycle time thus preserving lay rates of the installation vessel. This paper includes an overview the technology itself as well as a summary of the extensive qualification campaign that has been carried out. A global overview of the testing campaign will be provided from the early stages of the development to the full scale testing of the technology in an environment representative of its actual operating conditions. Topics discussed will include: prototyping of the system and associated tools, qualification of the electro-fusion welding process as well as its control and qualification of the carbon steel welding process. The main challenges and outcomes of tests performed will be presented and discussed. A focus on the specificities of the fatigue testing campaign will be presented including fatigue string design as well as fatigue performance of plastic electro-fusion weld. Eventually, the applicability of the FBJ to reeling will be discussed.
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