Refinement and Supplement of Phenomenology of Thermoelectricity

Phenomenology of nonequilibrium thermodynamics based on independent thermodynamic forces with kinetic coefficients independent of the applied forces. Whereas the traditional thermoelectric phenomenology is based on the experimentally measured material parameters of the medium. At the same time, their historically emerging definitions have neither mathematical rigor nor consistency. And, as a result, the strict, developed in macroscopic phenomenological nonequilibrium thermodynamics patterns of relationship, in thermoelectricity are not completely considered. A rigorous phenomenological description of macroscopic thermoelectricity made it possible to reveal effects that had not been taken into account earlier when measuring thermoelectrics. In particular the effect of thermoelectric locking of current significantly influencing the measurement accuracy of conductivity of thermoelectrics has been ascertained. In addition, the phenomenology of thermoelectricity could be expanded both in terms of dimensionality and in terms of scale of size. Thereby it was succeeded to consider concentration effects even in the macroscopic case and to extend thermoelectricity phenomenology on micro- and the nano-level.