FBCHS: Fuzzy Based Cluster Head Selection Protocol to Enhance Network Lifetime of WSN

With enormous evolution in Microelectronics, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have played a vital role in every aspect of daily life. Technological advancement has led to new ways of thinking and of developing infrastructure for sensing, monitoring, and computational tasks. The sensor network constitutes multiple sensor nodes for monitoring, tracking, and surveillance of remote objects in the network area. Battery replacement and recharging are almost impossible; therefore, the aim is to develop an efficient routing protocol for the sensor network. The Fuzzy Based Cluster Head Selection (FBCHS) protocol is proposed, which partitions the network into several regions based on node energy levels. The proposed protocol uses an artificial intelligence technique to select the Cluster Head (CH) based on maximum node Residual Energy (RE) and minimum distance. The transmission of data to the Base Station (BS) is accomplished via static clustering and the hybrid routing technique. The simulation results of the FBCHS protocol are com- pared to the SEP protocol and show improvement in the stability period and improved overall performance of the network.