{"title":"AD真空系统:施工及调试","authors":"M. Brouet, J. Hansen, H. Klette, P. Strubin","doi":"10.1109/PAC.1999.795760","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"CERN has built a new experimental facility, called the Antiproton Decelerator (AD), by transforming two existing machines: the \"Antiproton Collector\" (AC) and the \"Antiproton Accumulator\" (AA). To achieve adequate beam performance once the antiproton beam is decelerated to its final value of 0.1 GeV/c, it was necessary to lower the average pressure by nearly two orders of magnitude. For this purpose, a large number of additional pumps were installed and a very careful preparation was applied to a variety of special machine equipment which, in its original construction, was not designed for ultra-high vacuum operation. An important improvement in the outgassing rates was achieved through an extended, mild bake-out of tanks and vacuum vessels containing large amounts of ferrite material and multi-layer thermal insulation. This paper describes the necessary modifications of the vacuum system and in more detail the various steps taken to obtain the required pressure in the low 10/sup -10/ mbar range. It will also report on the unexpected difficulties which were encountered by re-using vacuum components that were not initially designed for bake-out.","PeriodicalId":20453,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1999 Particle Accelerator Conference (Cat. No.99CH36366)","volume":"66 5 1","pages":"562-564 vol.1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"1999-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The AD vacuum system: construction and commissioning\",\"authors\":\"M. Brouet, J. Hansen, H. Klette, P. Strubin\",\"doi\":\"10.1109/PAC.1999.795760\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"CERN has built a new experimental facility, called the Antiproton Decelerator (AD), by transforming two existing machines: the \\\"Antiproton Collector\\\" (AC) and the \\\"Antiproton Accumulator\\\" (AA). To achieve adequate beam performance once the antiproton beam is decelerated to its final value of 0.1 GeV/c, it was necessary to lower the average pressure by nearly two orders of magnitude. For this purpose, a large number of additional pumps were installed and a very careful preparation was applied to a variety of special machine equipment which, in its original construction, was not designed for ultra-high vacuum operation. An important improvement in the outgassing rates was achieved through an extended, mild bake-out of tanks and vacuum vessels containing large amounts of ferrite material and multi-layer thermal insulation. This paper describes the necessary modifications of the vacuum system and in more detail the various steps taken to obtain the required pressure in the low 10/sup -10/ mbar range. It will also report on the unexpected difficulties which were encountered by re-using vacuum components that were not initially designed for bake-out.\",\"PeriodicalId\":20453,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Proceedings of the 1999 Particle Accelerator Conference (Cat. No.99CH36366)\",\"volume\":\"66 5 1\",\"pages\":\"562-564 vol.1\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"1999-04-23\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"1\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Proceedings of the 1999 Particle Accelerator Conference (Cat. No.99CH36366)\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1109/PAC.1999.795760\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Proceedings of the 1999 Particle Accelerator Conference (Cat. No.99CH36366)","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PAC.1999.795760","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
The AD vacuum system: construction and commissioning
CERN has built a new experimental facility, called the Antiproton Decelerator (AD), by transforming two existing machines: the "Antiproton Collector" (AC) and the "Antiproton Accumulator" (AA). To achieve adequate beam performance once the antiproton beam is decelerated to its final value of 0.1 GeV/c, it was necessary to lower the average pressure by nearly two orders of magnitude. For this purpose, a large number of additional pumps were installed and a very careful preparation was applied to a variety of special machine equipment which, in its original construction, was not designed for ultra-high vacuum operation. An important improvement in the outgassing rates was achieved through an extended, mild bake-out of tanks and vacuum vessels containing large amounts of ferrite material and multi-layer thermal insulation. This paper describes the necessary modifications of the vacuum system and in more detail the various steps taken to obtain the required pressure in the low 10/sup -10/ mbar range. It will also report on the unexpected difficulties which were encountered by re-using vacuum components that were not initially designed for bake-out.