影响肯尼亚恩布改良高粱技术吸收的社会经济和体制因素

EL Chimoita, CM Onyango, J.P. Gweyi-Onyango, J. Kimenju
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引用次数: 4

摘要

农民的社会经济地位和制度支持在影响各种改良农业价值链技术的采用方面发挥互补作用。尽管在改善高粱生产和商业化以改善肯尼亚农民的社会经济福利方面进行了大量的研究工作,但干旱地区的少数农民正在采用改进的技术。因此,本研究评估了影响肯尼亚恩布县农民采用改良高粱技术的社会经济和体制因素。本研究系统选取了4个村129名农民。收集的数据包括家庭规模、日常支出、土地所有权、土地面积、资金来源、种植高粱的农民数量、市场网点、向农民提供的机构服务和生产挑战。该研究显示,51%的家庭由6至10名成员组成,而76%的农民每月平均花费3000肯尼亚先令(30美元)。研究结果还表明,88%的农民从政府机构获得了推广服务,而56%的农民从私人小额信贷机构获得了信贷便利。研究结果还显示,48%的农民将高粱产品出售给私人代理商,而44%的农民在当地市场销售。此外,57%的农民在获得信贷服务方面面临挑战。拥有个人土地所有权的农民与采用改良高粱技术之间存在正的Pearson相关(r = 0.43),个人土地所有权激励农民投资高粱生产。此外,农民获得金融培训服务与采用改良高粱技术之间存在正Pearson相关(r = 0.48)。培训服务显著影响农民接受高粱改良技术(p≤0.01)。该研究的结论是,农民的支出、土地所有权、金融培训和信贷支持是促进农民采用改良高粱技术的关键社会经济和体制因素。
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Socio-economic and Institutional Factors Influencing Uptake of Improved Sorghum Technologies in Embu, Kenya
ABSTRACT Farmers’ socio-economic status and institutional support play a complementary role in influencing adoption of various improved agricultural value chain technologies. Despite considerable research efforts towards improving sorghum production and commercialisation to improve farmers’ socio-economic wellbeing in Kenya, a marginal number of farmers in arid areas are adopting improved technologies. The current study, therefore, evaluated farmers’ socio-economic and institutional factors influencing uptake of improved sorghum technologies in Embu County, Kenya. The study systematically selected 129 farmers from four villages. Data was collected on household size, daily expenditure, land ownership, land sizes, sources of capital, the number of farmers growing sorghum, market outlets, institutional services offered to farmers and production challenges. The study revealed that 51% of the households comprised of six to ten members, whereas 76% of the farmers spent on average three thousand Kenyan shillings (US$ 30) on a monthly basis. The study results also showed that 88% of farmers accessed extension services from government agencies, whereas 56% of the farmers accessed credit facility from private microfinance institutions. The study findings also revealed 48% farmers sold sorghum products to private agents, whereas 44% farmers sold their products on local market outlets. It was additionally revealed that 57% of farmers faced challenges in accessing credit services. There was a positive Pearson’s correlation (r = 0.43) between farmers owning individual land title deeds and the uptake of improved sorghum technologies with individual land ownership motivating farmers to invest in sorghum production. In addition, there was a positive Pearson’s correlation (r = 0.48) between farmers accessing financial training services and the uptake improved sorghum technologies. The training services significantly (p ≤ 0.01) influenced the farmers in embracing improved sorghum technologies. The study concluded that farmers’ expenditure, land ownership, financial training and credit support were the key socio-economic and institutional factors contributing to farmers’ uptake of improved sorghum technologies.
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