生态耕作对小麦和小麦附生节肢动物群落结构的影响

IF 0.8 Q2 Environmental Science Biosystems Diversity Pub Date : 2022-08-02 DOI:10.15421/012228
V. Langraf, K. Petrovičová, J. Schlarmannová, P. Cenke, V. Brygadyrenko
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引用次数: 1

摘要

土壤是一种不可替代的自然资源,它能够生产粮食和原材料,形成农业和森林景观,过滤和维持水,确保生态系统中物质的循环,并有助于维持生物多样性。农业集约化是生物多样性丧失的重要因素之一。附生节肢动物的空间分布反映了生境的生态状况,反映了生境的质量。本研究的目的是指出被检作物小麦(Triticum aestivum)、小麦(T. spelta)在表观节肢动物多样性上的差异及其交错带对表观节肢动物多样性的影响。在2019年至2021年期间,一项使用陷阱法的调查记录了属于13个分类群体的5232个个体。其中,小麦有2493个个体和13个分类群,而小麦有2739个个体和11个分类群。我们观察到在作物T. aestivum中的分类群明显多于T. spelta。我们还证实了间交带规律只适用于T. aestivum作物。我们证实了作物和环境变量(pH、钾、磷、氮)对陷阱周围个体的空间分散有显著影响。根据我们的研究结果,生态耕作及其交错带系统对附生节肢动物和局部和营养条件都很重要,这对生物量的生产和作物也有重要影响。在任何人为活动中,重要的是优先采用对生物体无害的侵入性较小的程序,并在土地管理中使用有效的技术。
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Influence of ecological farming on the community structure of epigeic arthropods in crops Triticum aestivum and T. spelta
Soil is an irreplaceable natural resource that enables the production of food and raw materials, forms agricultural and forest landscapes, filters and maintains water, ensures the cycle of substances in the ecosystem and contributes to maintaining biodiversity. Agricultural intensification is one of the most important factors for biodiversity loss. Spatial dispersion of epigeic arthropods reflects the ecological status of habitats and points to its quality. The aim of our research was to point out the differences in epigeic arthropod diversity in the examined crops Triticum aestivum, T. spelta and the influence of their ecotones on epigeic arthropods. Between the years 2019 to 2021 an investigation using the pitfall trap method recorded 5,232 individuals belonging to 13 taxonomic groups. The crop T. aestivum was represented by 2493 individuals and 13 taxa while in T. spelta we recorded 2739 individuals and 11 taxa. We observed significantly more taxa in the crop T. aestivum than in the crop T. spelta. We also confirmed the ecotone rule only for the T. aestivum crop. We confirmed the significant influence of crops and environmental variables (pH, potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen) on the spatial dispersion of individuals around pitfall traps. On the basis of our results, both ecological farming and their ecotone systems are important for epigeic arthropods and with topical and trophic conditions, which is important for the production of biomass and also affects crop. In any anthropogenic activity, it is important to give priority to less invasive procedures with non-toxic effects on organisms and to use effective technologies in land management.
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