抗议和独立公投的循环。加泰罗尼亚封闭的机会和激进主义之路

IF 0.8 4区 社会学 Q3 SOCIOLOGY Revista Internacional De Sociologia Pub Date : 2019-11-29 DOI:10.3989/ris.2019.77.4.19.005
Donatella Della Porta, Francis O’Connor, Martín Portos
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引用次数: 11

摘要

本文试图理解加泰罗尼亚“进程”中激进化的轨迹。无论其正式法律地位如何,全民投票运动都是独特的政治机会,也会产生更多的机会。与一些抗议理论所预测的相反,当政治机会在国家层面被关闭,镇压加强时,导致分裂和最终遣散的暴力升级不一定会随之而来,至少在短期内是这样。正如加泰罗尼亚在2000年代中期到2018年末之间的“过程”所表明的那样,利用机会、向下规模转移和运动趋同等机制的结合可以缓解升级过程。密集的地方和基层集会网络取代了以前主导大规模抗议活动的主要民间社会组织,特别是在2012-2015年“diadas”期间。这些草根行动者通过更直接,更具破坏性,但大多是和平的行动形式,优先组织异议。这反过来又促进了基于团结的运动趋同,因为它开辟了地方空间,来自各个领域的活动家可以一起动员,在2018年底之前先发制人,防止明显的暴力升级和暴力分裂团体的出现。
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Ciclos de protesta y referéndums por la independencia. Oportunidades cerradas y el camino de la radicalización en Cataluña
This article seeks to understand the trajectory of radicalization in the Catalan ‘proces’. Regardless of their formal legal standing, referendum campaigns are distinct political opportunities which also generate further opportunities. Contrary to what some theories of protest would predict, when political opportunities are closed down at national level, and repression toughens, violent escalation leading to fragmentation and ultimately demobilization does not necessarily ensue, at least in the short term. As the Catalan ‘proces’ illustrates between the mid-2000s and late-2018, the combination of mechanisms such as appropriation of opportunities, downward scale shift and movement convergence can mitigate escalation processes. A dense network of local and grassroots assemblies displaced the previously dominant, major civil society organizations that led mass protests, especially during the 2012-2015 ‘diadas’. These grassroots actors prioritized the organization of dissent through more direct, more disruptive, but mostly peaceful forms of action. This in turn facilitated movement convergence, based upon solidarization, as it opened up local spaces where the activists from across the spectrum could mobilize together, pre-empting a clear violent escalation and the emergence of violent splinter groups till late 2018.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
23
审稿时长
53 weeks
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