Tatsuhiro Nishikiori, T. Kubota, Susumu Miyazu, N. Harada, N. Yoshikawa
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引用次数: 0
摘要
在2011年东京电力公司福岛第一核电站事故影响的农田中实施了减少作物吸收放射性的对策。由于137Cs的物理半衰期很长(30年),长期保持土壤K至关重要。植物可利用钾预算可用作可持续维护的指示。我们之前的研究发现,2018年福岛稻田的大量水流出,特别是渗水,与过度灌溉有关,导致大量钾流出和负钾预算。本研究评估了将灌溉水量从6300 mm减少到1900 mm是否减少了2019年种植期间的钾流出量并改善了田间钾收支。两年土壤溶液中的钾浓度相当,渗透水量下降到2018年的37%,导致钾产量从392 kg ha-1减少到184 kg ha-1,减少了53%。通过灌溉的投入也减少了(- 35 kg ha-1),但由于水量比2018年减少了70%,通过地表径流的产出减少了更大(- 58 kg ha-1)。因此,钾收支大幅改善(从- 289 kg ha-1增加到- 57 kg ha-1),突出了控制水的流出,特别是渗透,对高渗透稻田土壤钾维持的重要性。
Improvement in potassium budget with water outflow reduction through reducing excessive irrigation in a paddy field
ABSTRACT Countermeasures to reduce radiocesium uptake by crops have been implemented in farmlands affected by the accident at Tokyo Electric Power Company’s Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in 2011. A widely practiced countermeasure is the application of K. Long-term maintenance of soil K is crucial due to the long physical half-life of 137Cs (30 years). Plant-available K budgets can be used as an indication of sustainable maintenance. Our previous study found that large water outflow, especially percolation, associated with excessive irrigation caused major K outflow and a negative K budget in a paddy field in Fukushima in 2018. The present study evaluated whether decreasing the water outflow by reducing the irrigation volume from 6300 to 1900 mm reduced K outflow and improved the K budget in the field during the cropping period in 2019. K concentrations in soil solution were comparable in both years, and the percolation water volume decreased to 37% that of 2018, resulting in a 53% reduction in the K output from 392 to 184 kg ha–1. The input via irrigation also decreased (−35 kg ha–1), but the output via surface runoff showed a greater reduction (−58 kg ha–1) owing to a 70% decrease in the water volume compared with 2018. Consequently, the K budget was substantially improved (from −289 to −57 kg ha–1), highlighting the importance of controlling water outflow, particularly percolation, for soil K maintenance in paddy fields with high permeability.
期刊介绍:
Soil Science and Plant Nutrition is the official English journal of the Japanese Society of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition (JSSSPN), and publishes original research and reviews in soil physics, chemistry and mineralogy; soil biology; plant nutrition; soil genesis, classification and survey; soil fertility; fertilizers and soil amendments; environment; socio cultural soil science. The Journal publishes full length papers, short papers, and reviews.