Vulnerabilities and risk in smart vehicle automatic parking assist systems

Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) have gained widespread adoption in the automotive industry in recent years. Automatic parking assist (APA) is an important part of ADAS as it offers numerous benefits, such as safety improvements, space and time savings and fuel efficiency. However, it also introduces novel vulnerabilities, threats and risks that require attention. Vulnerabilities in the APA system may emerge as a result of its intricate design and the use of various communication protocols that adversaries could exploit to gain unauthorised systems access and undermine vehicle safety. Threats to the APA system may arise from diverse origins, including malicious actors, software defects and system malfunctions, which may lead to different types of attacks compromising the system's integrity and availability. The associated risks with the APA system can be considerable, potentially impacting the safety and confidentiality of the vehicle's occupants and other road users. It is crucial to systematically identify, assess and manage these risks by deploying appropriate controls.