海绵城市能解决中国日益严重的城市洪涝问题吗?

IF 6.8 1区 地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI:10.1002/wat2.1613
G. Fu, Chi Zhang, J. Hall, D. Butler
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引用次数: 8

摘要

基于自然的解决方案已被推广为城市雨水管理的可持续解决方案,目前中国正在以前所未有的速度和规模建设海绵城市,主要目的是解决城市洪水问题。然而,海绵城市所能吸收的降雨量是有限的,因此,它们不太可能成为解决城市洪水问题的灵丹妙药。我们认为,自下而上的基于社区的措施是将海绵城市转变为抗洪城市所需的干预发展框架的重要组成部分。这种基于社区的方法可以有效地利用中国城市的独特特征,即封闭式社区的普遍存在,这为实施基于社区的洪水管理措施提供了坚实的基础。本文讨论了一系列以社区为基础的措施,包括复原力测绘、基于财产的抵抗和复原力措施、洪水保险和社会复原力建设。抗洪能力建设不仅仅意味着对灰绿蓝基础设施的投资,还需要向抗洪能力社区转型。海绵城市在应对极端风暴事件和适应城市气候变化方面发挥着关键作用,为海绵城市下一阶段的发展提供了路线图。
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Are sponge cities the solution to China's growing urban flooding problems?
Nature‐based solutions have been promoted as a sustainable solution for urban stormwater management and they are currently adopted at an unprecedented speed and scale to build sponge cities in China, with a primary aim to solving urban flood problems. However, there are limits to how much rainfall sponge cities can absorb, hence, they are unlikely to be a panacea for flooding problems in cities. We argue that bottom‐up community‐based measures are essential part of the intervention development framework that is required to transform sponge cities into flood resilient cities. This community‐based approach can effectively build on the distinctive and unique feature of Chinese cities, that is, the prevalence of gated communities, which provides a solid foundation for implementing community‐based measures for flood management. A range of such community‐based measures including resilience mapping, property‐based resistant and resilient measures, flood insurance, and social resilience building are discussed. Flood resilience building does not just mean investments in gray–green–blue infrastructure, it requires social transformation toward flood resilient communities. This article provides a roadmap for the next stage development of sponge cities which plays a key role in coping with extreme storm events and adapting to climate change in cities.
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来源期刊
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water Environmental Science-Ecology
CiteScore
16.60
自引率
3.70%
发文量
56
期刊介绍: The WIREs series is truly unique, blending the best aspects of encyclopedic reference works and review journals into a dynamic online format. These remarkable resources foster a research culture that transcends disciplinary boundaries, all while upholding the utmost scientific and presentation excellence. However, they go beyond traditional publications and are, in essence, ever-evolving databases of the latest cutting-edge reviews.
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