巴斯《自然故事》中的疾病叙事策略与生态哲学

Long Yanxia
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引用次数: 0

摘要

里克·巴斯的自然故事是人们在荒野中冒险的故事。与传统的以自然或动物为主的自然作品不同,它将去人类中心主义的思想表现得直白明了。在巴斯的自然作品中,他的大部分故事中都有坏人。病人及其疾病的叙事策略在表达瑞克·巴斯的生态思想中发挥了重要作用。在一些故事中,对病人的描述冗长而复杂,但对动物的叙述却很短;在其他一些故事中,对病人的叙述很简单,但对动物的叙述却很长很详细。通过这种不平衡的叙事,里克·巴斯在他的故事中展现了人类与非人类之间的不平衡状况,直接反映和回应现实中人类与非人类之间的不平衡状况,传达了他的生态哲学:一方面,在对病人的简短而简单的叙述中,他让读者通过同理心来理解非人类此刻的无助处境,传达了他去人类中心主义的思想;另一方面,在对病人冗长而复杂的描述中,他揭示了疾病叙事的治疗功能,以及改善人与人之间关系的途径。
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Illness Narrative Tactics and Eco-philosophy in Rick Bass’s Nature Stories
Rick Bass’s nature stories are the stories of people adventuring in the wilderness. It is different from the traditional nature works mainly focusing on nature or animals to show the de-anthropocentric thoughts straightforward. In Bass’s nature works, ill people exist in most of his stories. The narrative tactics of ill people and their diseases play an important role in expressing Rick Bass’s ecological thoughts. In some stories, the description of ill people is long and complicated, but the narrative of animals is short; and in some other stories, the narrative of ill people is simple, but the narrative of animals is long and detailed. With such imbalanced narrative, Rick Bass shows the imbalanced situation between human beings and non-human beings in his stories to reflect and respond to the imbalanced situation between human beings and non-human beings in reality directly, and convey his ecological philosophy: On one side, in the short and simple narrative of ill people, he let readers understand the helpless situation of non-humans at the moment by empathy, which conveys his de-anthropocentric thoughts; and on the other hand, in the long and complicated description of ill people, he has revealed the therapy function of illness narrative, and the way to improve the relationship between human beings.
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