Impact simulation of PEV parking lots to power distribution systems

In recent years, the development of electric vehicles has drawn a lot of attention. Locations and pricing strategies can effect a car owner's willingness to park and recharge their cars in a parking lot. Different living habits also result in different parking behavior. Even with the dynamic energy prices, it is still unable to identify the energy demand at different peak times. In order to save the costs of construction or expand substations transformers and conductors in feeders, a smarter system needs to be implemented. The system will analyze the amount of energy required at different peak times and report it back in order to adjust the topology accordingly to improve load factor of the distribution systems. This paper develops a parking lot decision-making system that is able to manage and exchange data by implementing of the Smart Object System. The control of distribution systems and parking lots is optimized through Genetic Algorithm. Analysis of power flow of electric power system is performed by using PowerFactory. To minimize the impact to the existing distribution system operations, line and transformer ampacities as well as voltage profile are considered as constraints such that the operation of car parks does not violate the normal operation of distribution systems. The simulation results show that the proposed system can efficiently minimize the charging time while maintain the voltage current constraints in IEEE 14-bus.