The Effect of Negative Pressure (20 kPa and 25 kPa) Endotracheal Open Suction on the Hemodynamics Indices among Patients in Intensive Care Unit

Bacground: In general, patients treated in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) require the installation of endotracheal tubes (ETT) and ventilators. Suction is an intervention to prevent airway obstruction and maintain airway patency. If ETT suction procedure in terms of regulation and suction duration is not applied correctly, critically ill patients would suffer from haemodynamic problem. Objective:The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of negative suction pressure on hemodynamic indices of patients. Methods:This research is a quantitative study using the quasy experimental method with a pre and post test design without a control group involving 40 respondents taken by accidental sampling technique with repeated measurements. Patient observation sheets, medical records, and treatment records were used to collect the data. Inclusion criteria were adult patients ≥15 years old with ETT and ventilator while the exclusion criteria was the patients with a diagnosis of pneumonia and incomplete observations. Statistical analysis was applied by paired and independent t-test Results: The paired t-test showed a significant difference in the mean of SpO2, RR, HR and MAP, before and after suction with p value <0.05 in each group.There was a difference in the mean of arterial pressure (MAP) between the two groups with p value = 0.003 (<0.01). Whereas hemodynamic indicators (SpO2, RR and HR) did not show any difference (p>0.001). Discussion: Both of these pressures are safe to use in open ETT suction, because the increase in hemodynamics is within the safe limits, however suction must be carried out according to procedure and must be properly monitored.