Suivi et complications non immunologiques de la transplantation rénale

Apart from the graft rejection risk, renal transplantation may be complicated by various non immune complications that can affect the graft's vital prognosis. During the early phase, acute renal failure or delayed functional recovery is often linked to an ischemic nephropathy due to the transplantation conditions. Delayed complications may affect many organs. Therefore, the quality of long term follow up is critical for post-transplantation outcome. The nephrotoxicity of immunosuppressive drugs or renal lesions caused by chronic rejection may worsen the chronic allograft nephropathy. Bone loss must be prevented or compensated. Late metabolic and cardiovascular complications are today the first cause of post-transplantation mortality. Therefore, cardiovascular risk factors (diabetes, dyslipidaemia and high blood pressure) must be carefully monitored. In this article, we also review complications that may affect other organs or systems.