William P. Wagner, Haley M. Bednarz, Haley J. Bishop, Rajesh K. Kana, Despina Stavrinos
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The objective of this study was to characterize negative and positive perceptions about driving among drivers with ASD, ADHD, or neither diagnosis in terms of their attitudes, driving avoidance, and speed of processing.\n</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Drivers with ASD (<i>n</i> = 30) or ADHD (<i>n</i> = 36) and typically developing (TD) drivers (<i>n</i> = 35) completed the Useful Field of View (UFOV) task and were surveyed on their perceptions about driving.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Drivers with ASD reported more negative attitudes (<i>β</i> = 0.50, <i>p</i> < .001) and avoidance (<i>β</i> = 0.23, <i>p</i> = .02) than TD peers. Slower UFOV scores predicted more avoidance among TD drivers (<i>β</i> = 0.35, <i>p</i> = .01), but not among drivers with ADHD (<i>β</i> = − 0.11, <i>p</i> = .45) or ASD (<i>β</i> = 0.09, <i>p</i> = .68).</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Both ASD and ADHD uniquely affect driving attitudes and driving avoidance. Autistic people tend to hold more negative attitudes than TD peers. Counteracting that negative attitude may promote more independence among autistic people who want to learn to drive. Speed of processing appears to have a weaker impact on how ADHD drivers view complicated roadway situations, which may be indicative of a bias in their beliefs about their abilities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36163,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Driving Attitudes and Avoidance in Drivers with ASD or ADHD\",\"authors\":\"William P. Wagner, Haley M. Bednarz, Haley J. Bishop, Rajesh K. Kana, Despina Stavrinos\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s41252-022-00313-2\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Despite research indicating drivers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are not inherently unsafe drivers, there is decreased licensure rate among that population. One contributing factor could be the prevalence of negative perceptions about driving among autistic people. In contrast, people with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) tend to overestimate their driving abilities. The objective of this study was to characterize negative and positive perceptions about driving among drivers with ASD, ADHD, or neither diagnosis in terms of their attitudes, driving avoidance, and speed of processing.\\n</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Drivers with ASD (<i>n</i> = 30) or ADHD (<i>n</i> = 36) and typically developing (TD) drivers (<i>n</i> = 35) completed the Useful Field of View (UFOV) task and were surveyed on their perceptions about driving.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Drivers with ASD reported more negative attitudes (<i>β</i> = 0.50, <i>p</i> < .001) and avoidance (<i>β</i> = 0.23, <i>p</i> = .02) than TD peers. Slower UFOV scores predicted more avoidance among TD drivers (<i>β</i> = 0.35, <i>p</i> = .01), but not among drivers with ADHD (<i>β</i> = − 0.11, <i>p</i> = .45) or ASD (<i>β</i> = 0.09, <i>p</i> = .68).</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Both ASD and ADHD uniquely affect driving attitudes and driving avoidance. Autistic people tend to hold more negative attitudes than TD peers. Counteracting that negative attitude may promote more independence among autistic people who want to learn to drive. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
尽管研究表明患有自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的司机并非天生不安全，但该人群的驾照率有所下降。其中一个因素可能是自闭症患者普遍对驾驶持负面看法。相比之下，患有注意力缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)的人往往高估自己的驾驶能力。本研究的目的是描述患有ASD、ADHD或两者都没有诊断的司机在态度、驾驶回避和处理速度方面对驾驶的消极和积极看法。方法对ASD (n = 30)、ADHD (n = 36)和正常发育(TD)司机(n = 35)完成有用视场(UFOV)任务，并对其驾驶感知进行调查。结果ASD患者的消极态度(β = 0.50, p < .001)和回避态度(β = 0.23, p = .02)高于TD患者。较慢的UFOV得分预示着TD司机更多的回避(β = 0.35, p = 0.01)，但ADHD (β = - 0.11, p = 0.45)或ASD (β = 0.09, p = 0.68)的司机则不然。结论ASD和ADHD对驾驶态度和驾驶回避均有独特的影响。自闭症患者往往比TD同龄人持有更多的消极态度。消除这种消极态度可能会让那些想学开车的自闭症患者更加独立。处理速度似乎对多动症司机如何看待复杂的道路情况影响较小，这可能表明他们对自己能力的信念存在偏见。
Driving Attitudes and Avoidance in Drivers with ASD or ADHD
Objectives
Despite research indicating drivers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are not inherently unsafe drivers, there is decreased licensure rate among that population. One contributing factor could be the prevalence of negative perceptions about driving among autistic people. In contrast, people with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) tend to overestimate their driving abilities. The objective of this study was to characterize negative and positive perceptions about driving among drivers with ASD, ADHD, or neither diagnosis in terms of their attitudes, driving avoidance, and speed of processing.
Methods
Drivers with ASD (n = 30) or ADHD (n = 36) and typically developing (TD) drivers (n = 35) completed the Useful Field of View (UFOV) task and were surveyed on their perceptions about driving.
Results
Drivers with ASD reported more negative attitudes (β = 0.50, p < .001) and avoidance (β = 0.23, p = .02) than TD peers. Slower UFOV scores predicted more avoidance among TD drivers (β = 0.35, p = .01), but not among drivers with ADHD (β = − 0.11, p = .45) or ASD (β = 0.09, p = .68).
Conclusions
Both ASD and ADHD uniquely affect driving attitudes and driving avoidance. Autistic people tend to hold more negative attitudes than TD peers. Counteracting that negative attitude may promote more independence among autistic people who want to learn to drive. Speed of processing appears to have a weaker impact on how ADHD drivers view complicated roadway situations, which may be indicative of a bias in their beliefs about their abilities.
期刊介绍：
Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders publishes high-quality research in the broad area of neurodevelopmental disorders across the lifespan. Study participants may include individuals with:Intellectual and developmental disabilitiesGlobal developmental delayCommunication disordersLanguage disordersSpeech sound disordersChildhood-onset fluency disorders (e.g., stuttering)Social (e.g., pragmatic) communication disordersUnspecified communication disordersAutism spectrum disorder (ASD)Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), specified and unspecifiedSpecific learning disordersMotor disordersDevelopmental coordination disordersStereotypic movement disorderTic disorders, specified and unspecifiedOther neurodevelopmental disorders, specified and unspecifiedPapers may also include studies of participants with neurodegenerative disorders that lead to a decline in intellectual functioning, including Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, frontotemporal dementia, corticobasal degeneration, Huntington’s disease, and progressive supranuclear palsy. The journal includes empirical, theoretical and review papers on a large variety of issues, populations, and domains, including but not limited to: diagnosis; incidence and prevalence; and educational, pharmacological, behavioral and cognitive behavioral, mindfulness, and psychosocial interventions across the life span. Animal models of basic research that inform the understanding and treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders are also welcomed. The journal is multidisciplinary and multi-theoretical, and encourages research from multiple specialties in the social sciences using quantitative and mixed-method research methodologies.
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