聚焦波长滤光太阳辐射通量下新型材料测试设备的光学特性

Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI:10.3390/solar3010007
Noelia Estremera-Pedriza, J. Fernández-Reche, J. Carballo
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引用次数: 1

摘要

用于制造塔式发电厂太阳能接收器的材料必须承受高通量的集中太阳辐射(从0.1到甚至1.5 MWm−2),并在高工作温度(>800°C)下工作。耐久性是这些系统的一个关键方面,必须确保在这些苛刻的操作条件下,其中还包括在这些发电厂的整个生命周期中每天的加热-冷却循环。到目前为止,据作者所知,集中太阳辐射的哪些波长对太阳能接收器所用材料的老化机制和速度影响最大,还没有得到分析。然而,为了实施延迟或抑制这种现象的策略,这样的分析是相关的,因此,增加中央塔系统接收机的耐用性。为了进行这种分析,最近在Almería平台设计和安装了一个新的太阳能炉(西班牙)。本文介绍了这种新型太阳炉的组成部分。组件如下:一个定日镜,将太阳直接辐射转向菲涅耳透镜,将太阳辐射集中在所研究的材料上;一个快门,允许改变入射菲涅耳透镜上的集中太阳辐射量;以及放置在菲涅耳透镜和材料之间具有选择性反射率的反射滤光片。本文还介绍了这种新型太阳炉的过程和初步的能量和光谱表征结果。利用定日镜和菲涅耳透镜对新试验台进行表征的第一次实验结果表明,可以实现高达1000个太阳(1个太阳= 1000 Wm−2)的浓度比。此外,本文还介绍了测试系统的光谱表征结果,使用选择性反射镜在近可见-红外波长范围(400-1125 nm)和可见-红外红色区域(700-2500 nm)进行表征。
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Optical Characterization of a New Facility for Materials Testing under Concentrated Wavelength-Filtered Solar Radiation Fluxes
The materials used to manufacture solar receivers for tower power plants must withstand high fluxes of concentrated solar radiation (from 0.1 to even 1.5 MWm−2) and operate at high operating temperatures (>800 °C). Durability is a key aspect in these systems, which must be ensured under these demanding operating conditions, which also include daily heating–cooling cycles throughout the lifetime of these power plants. So far, to the authors’ knowledge, which wavelengths of concentrated solar radiation have the greatest influence on the mechanisms and speed of aging of materials used in solar receivers has not been analyzed. Yet, such an analysis is pertinent in order to implement strategies that delay or inhibit such phenomena, and, thus, increase the durability of central tower systems’ receivers. To perform such analyses, a new solar furnace was recently designed and installed at the Plataforma de Almería (Spain). This paper describes the components of this new solar furnace. The components are as follows: a heliostat to redirect the direct solar radiation towards a Fresnel lens that concentrates the solar radiation on the material under study, a shutter that allows varying the amount of concentrated solar radiation incident on the Fresnel lens, and reflective filters with selective reflectance that are placed between the Fresnel lens and the material. This paper also describes the procedure and the first results of the energetic and spectral characterization of this new solar furnace. The first experimental results of the characterization of this new test bed using the heliostat and the Fresnel lens showed that concentration ratios of up to 1000 suns (1 sun = 1000 Wm−2) could be achieved. Furthermore, the paper presents the results of the spectral characterization of the test system, using selective reflectance mirrors in the near-visible–IR wavelength range (400–1125 nm) and in the visible–IR red region (700–2500 nm).
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