弱相互作用的部分对称性

Sheldon L. Glashow
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引用次数: 4235

摘要

在弱相互作用由矢量玻色子介导的假设下,研究了轻子的弱相互作用和电磁相互作用。只有轻子的同位素三重态与矢量玻色子的三重态(两个带电的衰变中介体和光子)耦合,该理论不具有部分对称性。如果引入额外的矢量玻色子或额外的轻子,就可以建立这种对称性。由于后一种可能性产生了与实验不一致的理论,因此再现观测到的轻子电磁和弱相互作用的最简单的部分对称模型要求至少存在四个矢量玻色子场(包括光子)。相应的部分守恒量表明轻子类似于与强相互作用相关的守恒量:奇异性和等压自旋。
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Partial-symmetries of weak interactions

Weak and electromagnetic interactions of the leptons are examined under the hypothesis that the weak interactions are mediated by vector bosons. With only an isotopic triplet of leptons coupled to a triplet of vector bosons (two charged decay-intermediaries and the photon) the theory possesses no partial-symmetries. Such symmetries may be established if additional vector bosons or additional leptons are introduced. Since the latter possibility yields a theory disagreeing with experiment, the simplest partially-symmetric model reproducing the observed electromagnetic and weak interactions of leptons requires the existence of at least four vector-boson fields (including the photon). Corresponding partially-conserved quantities suggest leptonic analogues to the conserved quantities associated with strong interactions: strangeness and isobaric spin.

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