中国大陆7种法定呼吸道传染病流行病学特征——2017 - 2021年全国监测数据分析

IF 8.1 1区 医学 Infectious Diseases of Poverty Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI:10.1186/s40249-023-01147-3
Le-le Deng, Ya-Jun Han, Zhuo-Wei Li, Da-Yan Wang, Tao Chen, Xiang Ren, Guang-Xue He
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:呼吸道传染病仍然是一个紧迫的公共卫生问题,对个人的福祉和生命构成重大威胁。本研究对2017-2021年7种原发性rid的发病情况进行了研究,旨在深入了解其流行病学特征,以加强控制和预防策略。方法:从国家法定传染病报告系统(NNDRS)中获取2017 - 2021年中国大陆地区季节性流感、肺结核(PTB)、腮腺炎、猩红热、百日咳、风疹和麻疹7种法定传染病的数据。采用Joinpoint回归软件分析时间趋势,采用SaTScan软件结合泊松概率模型评估季节和空间格局。结果:2017-2021年共报告了7种rid的11963886例,5年平均发病率为每10万人170.73例。在这些传染病中,季节性流感的平均发病率最高(94.14 / 10万),其次是肺结核(55.52 / 10万)、腮腺炎(15.16 / 10万)、猩红热(4.02 / 10万)、百日咳(1.10 / 10万)、风疹(0.59 / 10万)和麻疹(0.21 / 10万)。男性在所有七个rid中发病率更高。肺结核发病率在农民和65岁以上人群中显著升高,而其他疾病主要影响15岁以下的儿童和学生。2017 - 2021年,PTB和麻疹发病率呈下降趋势(APC = -7.53%, P = 0.009;APC = -40.87%, P = 0.02),而其他五个id在2019年达到峰值。在季节分布和空间分布上,7个区域具有明显的特征,相同的区域具有不同的分布特征。2017 - 2021年,7种传染病的实验室确诊病例比例波动较大,麻疹和风疹比例较高,腮腺炎和猩红热比例较低。结论:2017 - 2021年,中国大陆地区PTB和麻疹的发病率呈下降趋势,其余5种疾病的发病率在2019年达到高峰。总的来说,艾滋病毒/艾滋病继续对公共卫生构成重大挑战。需要采取紧急行动,加强能力建设努力,加强控制和预防艾滋病的战略,同时考虑到区域差异和流行病学的细微差别。随着高科技解决方案的快速发展,数字/智能rid控制和预防系统的开发和有效实施对于促进精确监测,早期预警和快速反应至关重要。
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Epidemiological characteristics of seven notifiable respiratory infectious diseases in the mainland of China: an analysis of national surveillance data from 2017 to 2021.

Background: Respiratory infectious diseases (RIDs) remain a pressing public health concern, posing a significant threat to the well-being and lives of individuals. This study delves into the incidence of seven primary RIDs during the period 2017-2021, aiming to gain deeper insights into their epidemiological characteristics for the purpose of enhancing control and prevention strategies.

Methods: Data pertaining to seven notifiable RIDs, namely, seasonal influenza, pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), mumps, scarlet fever, pertussis, rubella and measles, in the mainland of China between 2017 and 2021 were obtained from the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System (NNDRS). Joinpoint regression software was utilized to analyze temporal trends, while SaTScan software with a Poisson probability model was used to assess seasonal and spatial patterns.

Results: A total of 11,963,886 cases of the seven RIDs were reported during 2017-2021, and yielding a five-year average incidence rate of 170.73 per 100,000 individuals. Among these RIDs, seasonal influenza exhibited the highest average incidence rate (94.14 per 100,000), followed by PTB (55.52 per 100,000), mumps (15.16 per 100,000), scarlet fever (4.02 per 100,000), pertussis (1.10 per 100,000), rubella (0.59 per 100,000), and measles (0.21 per 100,000). Males experienced higher incidence rates across all seven RIDs. PTB incidence was notably elevated among farmers and individuals aged over 65, whereas the other RIDs primarily affected children and students under 15 years of age. The incidences of PTB and measles exhibited a declining trend from 2017 to 2021 (APC = -7.53%, P = 0.009; APC = -40.87%, P = 0.02), while the other five RIDs peaked in 2019. Concerning seasonal and spatial distribution, the seven RIDs displayed distinct characteristics, with variations observed for the same RIDs across different regions. The proportion of laboratory-confirmed cases fluctuated among the seven RIDs from 2017 to 2021, with measles and rubella exhibiting higher proportions and mumps and scarlet fever showing lower proportions.

Conclusions: The incidence of PTB and measles demonstrated a decrease in the mainland of China between 2017 and 2021, while the remaining five RIDs reached a peak in 2019. Overall, RIDs continue to pose a significant public health challenge. Urgent action is required to bolster capacity-building efforts and enhance control and prevention strategies for RIDs, taking into account regional disparities and epidemiological nuances. With the rapid advancement of high-tech solutions, the development and effective implementation of a digital/intelligent RIDs control and prevention system are imperative to facilitate precise surveillance, early warnings, and swift responses.

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来源期刊
Infectious Diseases of Poverty
Infectious Diseases of Poverty INFECTIOUS DISEASES-
自引率
1.20%
发文量
368
期刊介绍: Infectious Diseases of Poverty is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that focuses on addressing essential public health questions related to infectious diseases of poverty. The journal covers a wide range of topics including the biology of pathogens and vectors, diagnosis and detection, treatment and case management, epidemiology and modeling, zoonotic hosts and animal reservoirs, control strategies and implementation, new technologies and application. It also considers the transdisciplinary or multisectoral effects on health systems, ecohealth, environmental management, and innovative technology. The journal aims to identify and assess research and information gaps that hinder progress towards new interventions for public health problems in the developing world. Additionally, it provides a platform for discussing these issues to advance research and evidence building for improved public health interventions in poor settings.
期刊最新文献
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