IMPROVMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE TWO-STROKE DIESEL DURING OPERATION

The development of world shipping is taking place in the context of ever-increasing requirements to reduce the concentrations of toxic components of gaseous combustion products of hydrocarbon fuels. Concentration limits for these substances are regulated in accordance with Appendix VI of the MARPOL 73/78 Convention. Among the controlled components of diesel exhaust gases, nitrogen oxides are the most dangerous for humans and environment. However, a decrease in the content of nitrogen oxides is inevitably associated with limitations on the maximum cycle temperature, that is, thermal efficiency, and hence with a deterioration in the fuel efficiency of the engine. At the moment, in order to reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides by large transport diesel engines, the most widely used is the recirculation of exhaust gases into the air receiver. A significant disadvantage of using this scheme is the need for cooling the exhaust gases and their additional purification, which leads to an increase in the weight and size characteristics of the system and to its rise in price. Therefore, to reduce its cost, it seems logical to combine exhaust gas recirculation with other ways to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions. For engines in operation, one of these methods is to change the angle of fuel injection. It can be assumed that the later the fuel is injected into the cylinder, the lower the temperature of the air charge will be and, accordingly, the lower the maximum combustion temperature, and hence the amount of nitrogen oxides. The calculation of nitrogen oxide emissions was simulated for the main engine MAN-B&W 7S50MC-C installed on the vessel "LILA SHANGHAI". Initially, the model created using the AVL-BOOST package was verified based on the available indexing results. After verification, the calculation of emissions of nitrogen oxides NOx was made with a variation in the angle of the start of fuel combustion at the nominal mode. The composition of the gases in the receiver was taken unchanged. As the fuel combustion start angle shifted further from the TDC, deterioration in fuel efficiency and a drop in cylinder power were observed, while reducing the mass of emitted nitrogen oxides NOx. However, it can be said that the environmental friendliness of an engine improves much faster than its fuel and power characteristics deteriorate. The above calculations show that for engines already in operation, changing the fuel injection angle makes it possible to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions. Therefore, this approach can be combined without much difficulty with other methods, thus reducing the cost of environmental improvement of the engine.